µXRF Elemental Mapping of Bioresorbable Magnesium-Based Implants in Bone

• Main Authors: Anna Turyanskaya, Mirjam Rauwolf, Tilman A. Grünewald, Martin Meischel, Stefanie Stanzl-Tschegg, Jörg F. Löffler, Peter Wobrauschek, Annelie M. Weinberg, Helga C. Lichtenegger, Christina Streli
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2016-09-01
• Series: Materials
• Subjects: elemental imaging; yttrium; magnesium; biodegradable Mg implants; bone; µXRF
• Online Access: http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/9/10/811

This study investigated the distribution of the elemental constituents of Mg-based implants at various stages of the degradation process in surrounding bone tissue, with a focus on magnesium (Mg), as the main component of the alloy, and yttrium (Y), due to its potential adverse health effects. The measurements were performed on the implant-bearing thin sections of rat bone in a time series of implant degradation between one and 18 months. Micro X-ray fluorescence analysis (μXRF) with a special spectrometer meeting the requirements for the measurements of low-Z elements was used. It was found that the migration and accumulation behaviour of implant degradation products is element-specific. A sharp decrease in Mg was observed in the immediate vicinity of the interface and no specific accumulation or aggregation of Mg in the adjacent bone tissue was detected. By contrast, Y was found to migrate further into the bone over time and to remain in the tissue even after the complete degradation of the implant. Although the nature of Y accumulations must still be clarified, its potential health impact should be considered.