Decolorization and Detoxification of Synthetic Dyes by Mexican Strains of <i>Trametes</i> sp.

• Main Authors: Laura N. Levin, Carlos E. Hernández-Luna, Guillermo Niño-Medina, Juan Pablo García-Rodríguez, Iosvany López-Sadin, Gerardo Méndez-Zamora, Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Soto
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2019-11-01
• Series: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
• Subjects: detoxification; dye decolorization; isoforms; laccase; waste water
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/23/4610

Laccases have attracted a great deal of interest because of their remarkable ability for the degradation of synthetic dyes present in wastewaters. New laccase producing sources with robust operational and functional properties are being continuously explored. In this work, the potential for the decolorization and detoxification of synthetic dyes was evaluated in two Mexican strains of the genus <i>Trametes</i>. The decolorization capacity of <i>Trametes</i><i> maxima</i> LE130 and <i>Trametes</i> sp. LA1 was tested in solid and liquid media. The phytotoxicity of the degradation products was determined using <i>Raphanus</i><i> sativus</i> and <i>Pisum sativum</i> seeds. In solid media, both strains showed a higher decolorization capacity (<i>p</i> &#8804; 0.05) than <i>Phanerochaete</i><i> </i><i>chrysosporium</i> ATCC 24725, which is known to be very efficient in lignin and dye-degradation. They produced laccase as the main ligninolytic enzyme; <i>T. maxima</i> LE130 secreted a single isoform of 43.9 kDa, while <i>Trametes</i> sp. LA1 produced three isoforms of 67.3, 58.6 and 52.7 kDa, respectively. <i>Trametes</i> sp. LA1 culture fluids were capable of decolorizing and detoxifying chemically diverse dyes (anthraquinonic dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R, azoic Reactive Black 5 and triphenylmethane Crystal Violet) without the addition of redox mediators. Therefore, this could be considered as a new laccase source which could be potentially competitive in the bioremediation of dye-containing wastewaters.