The Effect of Chitin Size, Shape, Source and Purification Method on Immune Recognition
The animal immune response to chitin is not well understood and needs to be investigated further. However, this is a challenging topic to study because of the technical difficulties in purifying chitin, and because this material usually comes associated with contaminating components that can activat...
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Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/4/4433 |
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doaj-e7b2a170673349eea67e664d2e02f0a62020-11-24T22:27:13ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492014-04-011944433445110.3390/molecules19044433molecules19044433The Effect of Chitin Size, Shape, Source and Purification Method on Immune RecognitionFrancisco J. Alvarez0National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Research Institute, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, JapanThe animal immune response to chitin is not well understood and needs to be investigated further. However, this is a challenging topic to study because of the technical difficulties in purifying chitin, and because this material usually comes associated with contaminating components that can activate the immune system. In this study, improvements to previously described purification protocols were investigated for chitin obtained from different sources, including commercial shellfish, Candida albicans yeast and hyphal cell walls, as well as cell walls of the filamentous fungi Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucor circinelloides. The immune response to these different chitin preparations was tested using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In agreement with previous literature, small chitin particles of an average size of 0.2 µm were not immunogenic. On the other hand, bigger chitin particles induced in some cases a pro-inflammatory response. The results of this work suggest that not only the purity and size of the chitin particles, but also their shape can influence immune recognition.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/4/4433chitinCandida albicansAspergillus fumigatusMucor circinelloidesPBMCsfungal cell wallsmall chitin particles |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Francisco J. Alvarez |
spellingShingle |
Francisco J. Alvarez The Effect of Chitin Size, Shape, Source and Purification Method on Immune Recognition Molecules chitin Candida albicans Aspergillus fumigatus Mucor circinelloides PBMCs fungal cell wall small chitin particles |
author_facet |
Francisco J. Alvarez |
author_sort |
Francisco J. Alvarez |
title |
The Effect of Chitin Size, Shape, Source and Purification Method on Immune Recognition |
title_short |
The Effect of Chitin Size, Shape, Source and Purification Method on Immune Recognition |
title_full |
The Effect of Chitin Size, Shape, Source and Purification Method on Immune Recognition |
title_fullStr |
The Effect of Chitin Size, Shape, Source and Purification Method on Immune Recognition |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Effect of Chitin Size, Shape, Source and Purification Method on Immune Recognition |
title_sort |
effect of chitin size, shape, source and purification method on immune recognition |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2014-04-01 |
description |
The animal immune response to chitin is not well understood and needs to be investigated further. However, this is a challenging topic to study because of the technical difficulties in purifying chitin, and because this material usually comes associated with contaminating components that can activate the immune system. In this study, improvements to previously described purification protocols were investigated for chitin obtained from different sources, including commercial shellfish, Candida albicans yeast and hyphal cell walls, as well as cell walls of the filamentous fungi Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucor circinelloides. The immune response to these different chitin preparations was tested using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In agreement with previous literature, small chitin particles of an average size of 0.2 µm were not immunogenic. On the other hand, bigger chitin particles induced in some cases a pro-inflammatory response. The results of this work suggest that not only the purity and size of the chitin particles, but also their shape can influence immune recognition. |
topic |
chitin Candida albicans Aspergillus fumigatus Mucor circinelloides PBMCs fungal cell wall small chitin particles |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/4/4433 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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