Defining temperatures of granular powders analogously with thermodynamics to understand jamming phenomena
For the purpose of applying laws or principles originated from thermal systems to granular athermal systems, we may need to properly define the critical “temperature” concept in granular powders. The conventional environmental temperature in thermal systems is too weak to drive movements of particle...
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doaj-e8355ae85542448e8033ebd2fbe269482020-11-25T01:22:14ZengAIMS PressAIMS Materials Science2372-04842017-12-015113310.3934/matersci.2018.1.1matersci-05-00001Defining temperatures of granular powders analogously with thermodynamics to understand jamming phenomenaTian Hao0Nutrilite Health Institute, 5600 Beach Boulevard, Buena Park, CA 90621, USAFor the purpose of applying laws or principles originated from thermal systems to granular athermal systems, we may need to properly define the critical “temperature” concept in granular powders. The conventional environmental temperature in thermal systems is too weak to drive movements of particles in granular powders and cannot function as a thermal energy indicator. For maintaining the same functionality as in thermal systems, the temperature in granular powders is defined analogously and uniformly in this article using kinetic energy connections. The newly defined granular temperature is utilized to describe and explain one of the most important phenomena observed in granular powders, the jamming transition, by introducing jamming temperature and jamming volume fraction concepts. The predictions from the equations of the jamming volume fractions for several cases like granular powders under shear or vibration are in line with experimental observations and empirical solutions in powder handlings. The equations are mainly for hard sphere systems without frictional forces among particles, but can be easily extended to frictional granular systems with frictional energy term included in. The goal of this article is to lay a foundation for establishing similar concepts in granular powders, allowing granular powders to be described with common laws or principles we are familiar with in thermal systems. Our intention is to build a bridge between thermal systems and granular powders to account for many similarities already found between these two systems.http://www.aimspress.com/Materials/article/1768/fulltext.htmljamminggranular temperaturesthermodynamicsgranular powders |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tian Hao |
spellingShingle |
Tian Hao Defining temperatures of granular powders analogously with thermodynamics to understand jamming phenomena AIMS Materials Science jamming granular temperatures thermodynamics granular powders |
author_facet |
Tian Hao |
author_sort |
Tian Hao |
title |
Defining temperatures of granular powders analogously with thermodynamics to understand jamming phenomena |
title_short |
Defining temperatures of granular powders analogously with thermodynamics to understand jamming phenomena |
title_full |
Defining temperatures of granular powders analogously with thermodynamics to understand jamming phenomena |
title_fullStr |
Defining temperatures of granular powders analogously with thermodynamics to understand jamming phenomena |
title_full_unstemmed |
Defining temperatures of granular powders analogously with thermodynamics to understand jamming phenomena |
title_sort |
defining temperatures of granular powders analogously with thermodynamics to understand jamming phenomena |
publisher |
AIMS Press |
series |
AIMS Materials Science |
issn |
2372-0484 |
publishDate |
2017-12-01 |
description |
For the purpose of applying laws or principles originated from thermal systems to granular athermal systems, we may need to properly define the critical “temperature” concept in granular powders. The conventional environmental temperature in thermal systems is too weak to drive movements of particles in granular powders and cannot function as a thermal energy indicator. For maintaining the same functionality as in thermal systems, the temperature in granular powders is defined analogously and uniformly in this article using kinetic energy connections. The newly defined granular temperature is utilized to describe and explain one of the most important phenomena observed in granular powders, the jamming transition, by introducing jamming temperature and jamming volume fraction concepts. The predictions from the equations of the jamming volume fractions for several cases like granular powders under shear or vibration are in line with experimental observations and empirical solutions in powder handlings. The equations are mainly for hard sphere systems without frictional forces among particles, but can be easily extended to frictional granular systems with frictional energy term included in. The goal of this article is to lay a foundation for establishing similar concepts in granular powders, allowing granular powders to be described with common laws or principles we are familiar with in thermal systems. Our intention is to build a bridge between thermal systems and granular powders to account for many similarities already found between these two systems. |
topic |
jamming granular temperatures thermodynamics granular powders |
url |
http://www.aimspress.com/Materials/article/1768/fulltext.html |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT tianhao definingtemperaturesofgranularpowdersanalogouslywiththermodynamicstounderstandjammingphenomena |
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1725126952343306240 |