HIV stigma: perceptions from HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients in a community dental clinic

• Main Authors: Steven Toth, Jill A. York, Nicholas DePinto
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 2016-12-01
• Series: Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects
• Subjects: Attitudes; HIV/AIDS; mental health; public health; self-perception; stigma
• Online Access: http://journals.tbzmed.ac.ir/JODDD/Manuscript/JODDD-10-263.pdf

Background. In the medical sense, stigma has been defined as the collection of negative attitudes and beliefs that are directed at people living with a particular condition or disease process. A cohort study was conducted to explore the HIV stigma that is perceived by HIV-positive individuals versus that perceived by the general population within a community-based dental clinic. Methods. Two separate and independent cross-sectional surveys, the Berger Stigma Scale and the Rutgers-Modified Berger Stigma Scale, were employed in order to analyze the stigma factors of an HIV-positive population versus an HIV-negative general population, respectively. The HIV stigma factors studied included personalized stigma, disclosure concerns, negative self-image, and concern with public attitudes. Results. The total stigma scale scores for the studied HIV-positive population were significantly lower than the total stigma scale scores for the studied HIV-negative population (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Interestingly, there is a misplaced expectation by the general population that HIV-positive individuals experience more stigma than the HIV-positive population in the clinic actually reported. Interventions to reduce HIV stigma should be an integral component of comprehensive care for all patients.