The prevalence of benzodiazepines utilization and its association with falls among Saudi older adults; results from the Saudi national survey for elderly Health (SNSEH)
Purpose: First, to determine benzodiazepines prevalence (BDZs) among Saudi older adults (SOA); Second, to quantify the association between BDZs use and falls among SOA. Third, to determine falls effect on all-cause mortality among SOA. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that used the Saudi Nat...
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doaj-e99b09b9e0484d69b9c93846bbd761f92020-11-24T21:39:45ZengElsevierSaudi Pharmaceutical Journal1319-01642018-12-0126811121119The prevalence of benzodiazepines utilization and its association with falls among Saudi older adults; results from the Saudi national survey for elderly Health (SNSEH)Mohammad H. Aljawadi0Abdullah T. Khoja1Abdullah M. Alhammad2Azzam D. AlOtaibi3Sulaiman A. Al-Shammari4Tawfik A. Khoja5Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.Public Health and Family Medicine Departments, College of Medicine, Al-Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaExecutive Board, Health Ministers’ Council for the Cooperation Council States, Saudi ArabiaPurpose: First, to determine benzodiazepines prevalence (BDZs) among Saudi older adults (SOA); Second, to quantify the association between BDZs use and falls among SOA. Third, to determine falls effect on all-cause mortality among SOA. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that used the Saudi National Survey for Elderly Health; a nationally-representative, population-based survey. Participants were asked about BDZs use and falls history during the 12 months prior to the interview. Demographics, medications, comorbidities and housing conditions were used as covariates. Multiple imputation was used to impute missing data. Modified poisson multivariable regression was used to study the association between BDZs and falls. Cox- proportional hazard regression was used to determine falls effect on mortality over nine years period. Results: Among 2946 SOA, BDZs prevalence was 4%. Around 13% reported falls. In the multivariable regression, relative risk (RR) of falls was 2 comparing BDZs users to non-users (95CI%: 1.02–3.99). Antidepressants (RR = 1.72; 95%CI: 1.10–2.74), laxatives (RR = 1.38; 95%CI: 1.11–1.7), low body mass index (RR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.33–2.84), mild cognitive impairment (RR = 1.56; 95%CI: 1.21–2.03), high door steps (RR = 1.54; 95%CI: 1.23–1.93) and insufficient illumination (RR = 1.38; 95%CI: 1.11–1.71) increased falls risk. Lastly, the hazard ratio of falls on death was 1.48 (95%CI: 1.17, 1.89) over nine years. Conclusion: Despite the recommendation against BDZs use among older adults, still there were subjects who were prescribed these drugs. falls are common among SOA. Preventive strategies such medication therapy management, nutrition improvement, elderly-friendly housing structures can reduce the prevalence of falls and consequent increase in mortality among SOA. Keywords: Falls, Saudi Arabia, Older adults, Benzodiazepines, Mortalityhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319016418301245 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mohammad H. Aljawadi Abdullah T. Khoja Abdullah M. Alhammad Azzam D. AlOtaibi Sulaiman A. Al-Shammari Tawfik A. Khoja |
spellingShingle |
Mohammad H. Aljawadi Abdullah T. Khoja Abdullah M. Alhammad Azzam D. AlOtaibi Sulaiman A. Al-Shammari Tawfik A. Khoja The prevalence of benzodiazepines utilization and its association with falls among Saudi older adults; results from the Saudi national survey for elderly Health (SNSEH) Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal |
author_facet |
Mohammad H. Aljawadi Abdullah T. Khoja Abdullah M. Alhammad Azzam D. AlOtaibi Sulaiman A. Al-Shammari Tawfik A. Khoja |
author_sort |
Mohammad H. Aljawadi |
title |
The prevalence of benzodiazepines utilization and its association with falls among Saudi older adults; results from the Saudi national survey for elderly Health (SNSEH) |
title_short |
The prevalence of benzodiazepines utilization and its association with falls among Saudi older adults; results from the Saudi national survey for elderly Health (SNSEH) |
title_full |
The prevalence of benzodiazepines utilization and its association with falls among Saudi older adults; results from the Saudi national survey for elderly Health (SNSEH) |
title_fullStr |
The prevalence of benzodiazepines utilization and its association with falls among Saudi older adults; results from the Saudi national survey for elderly Health (SNSEH) |
title_full_unstemmed |
The prevalence of benzodiazepines utilization and its association with falls among Saudi older adults; results from the Saudi national survey for elderly Health (SNSEH) |
title_sort |
prevalence of benzodiazepines utilization and its association with falls among saudi older adults; results from the saudi national survey for elderly health (snseh) |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal |
issn |
1319-0164 |
publishDate |
2018-12-01 |
description |
Purpose: First, to determine benzodiazepines prevalence (BDZs) among Saudi older adults (SOA); Second, to quantify the association between BDZs use and falls among SOA. Third, to determine falls effect on all-cause mortality among SOA. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that used the Saudi National Survey for Elderly Health; a nationally-representative, population-based survey. Participants were asked about BDZs use and falls history during the 12 months prior to the interview. Demographics, medications, comorbidities and housing conditions were used as covariates. Multiple imputation was used to impute missing data. Modified poisson multivariable regression was used to study the association between BDZs and falls. Cox- proportional hazard regression was used to determine falls effect on mortality over nine years period. Results: Among 2946 SOA, BDZs prevalence was 4%. Around 13% reported falls. In the multivariable regression, relative risk (RR) of falls was 2 comparing BDZs users to non-users (95CI%: 1.02–3.99). Antidepressants (RR = 1.72; 95%CI: 1.10–2.74), laxatives (RR = 1.38; 95%CI: 1.11–1.7), low body mass index (RR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.33–2.84), mild cognitive impairment (RR = 1.56; 95%CI: 1.21–2.03), high door steps (RR = 1.54; 95%CI: 1.23–1.93) and insufficient illumination (RR = 1.38; 95%CI: 1.11–1.71) increased falls risk. Lastly, the hazard ratio of falls on death was 1.48 (95%CI: 1.17, 1.89) over nine years. Conclusion: Despite the recommendation against BDZs use among older adults, still there were subjects who were prescribed these drugs. falls are common among SOA. Preventive strategies such medication therapy management, nutrition improvement, elderly-friendly housing structures can reduce the prevalence of falls and consequent increase in mortality among SOA. Keywords: Falls, Saudi Arabia, Older adults, Benzodiazepines, Mortality |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319016418301245 |
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