The Emerging Physiological Role of AGMO 10 Years after Its Gene Identification
The gene encoding alkylglycerol monooxygenase (AGMO) was assigned 10 years ago. So far, AGMO is the only known enzyme capable of catalysing the breakdown of alkylglycerols and lyso-alkylglycerophospholipids. With the knowledge of the genetic information, it was possible to relate a potential contrib...
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doaj-ea63f2a5216a415d9dd98a35f7959c482021-01-27T00:04:48ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292021-01-0111888810.3390/life11020088The Emerging Physiological Role of AGMO 10 Years after Its Gene IdentificationSabrina Sailer0Markus A. Keller1Ernst R. Werner2Katrin Watschinger3Biocenter, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, AustriaInstitute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, AustriaBiocenter, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, AustriaBiocenter, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, AustriaThe gene encoding alkylglycerol monooxygenase (AGMO) was assigned 10 years ago. So far, AGMO is the only known enzyme capable of catalysing the breakdown of alkylglycerols and lyso-alkylglycerophospholipids. With the knowledge of the genetic information, it was possible to relate a potential contribution for mutations in the AGMO locus to human diseases by genome-wide association studies. A possible role for AGMO was implicated by genetic analyses in a variety of human pathologies such as type 2 diabetes, neurodevelopmental disorders, cancer, and immune defence. Deficient catabolism of stored lipids carrying an alkyl bond by an absence of AGMO was shown to impact on the overall lipid composition also outside the ether lipid pool. This review focuses on the current evidence of AGMO in human diseases and summarises experimental evidence for its role in immunity, energy homeostasis, and development in humans and several model organisms. With the progress in lipidomics platform and genetic identification of enzymes involved in ether lipid metabolism such as AGMO, it is now possible to study the consequence of gene ablation on the global lipid pool and further on certain signalling cascades in a variety of model organisms in more detail.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/2/88AGMOtetrahydrobiopterinalkylglycerolsplasmalogensneurodevelopmentautism |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sabrina Sailer Markus A. Keller Ernst R. Werner Katrin Watschinger |
spellingShingle |
Sabrina Sailer Markus A. Keller Ernst R. Werner Katrin Watschinger The Emerging Physiological Role of AGMO 10 Years after Its Gene Identification Life AGMO tetrahydrobiopterin alkylglycerols plasmalogens neurodevelopment autism |
author_facet |
Sabrina Sailer Markus A. Keller Ernst R. Werner Katrin Watschinger |
author_sort |
Sabrina Sailer |
title |
The Emerging Physiological Role of AGMO 10 Years after Its Gene Identification |
title_short |
The Emerging Physiological Role of AGMO 10 Years after Its Gene Identification |
title_full |
The Emerging Physiological Role of AGMO 10 Years after Its Gene Identification |
title_fullStr |
The Emerging Physiological Role of AGMO 10 Years after Its Gene Identification |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Emerging Physiological Role of AGMO 10 Years after Its Gene Identification |
title_sort |
emerging physiological role of agmo 10 years after its gene identification |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Life |
issn |
2075-1729 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
The gene encoding alkylglycerol monooxygenase (AGMO) was assigned 10 years ago. So far, AGMO is the only known enzyme capable of catalysing the breakdown of alkylglycerols and lyso-alkylglycerophospholipids. With the knowledge of the genetic information, it was possible to relate a potential contribution for mutations in the AGMO locus to human diseases by genome-wide association studies. A possible role for AGMO was implicated by genetic analyses in a variety of human pathologies such as type 2 diabetes, neurodevelopmental disorders, cancer, and immune defence. Deficient catabolism of stored lipids carrying an alkyl bond by an absence of AGMO was shown to impact on the overall lipid composition also outside the ether lipid pool. This review focuses on the current evidence of AGMO in human diseases and summarises experimental evidence for its role in immunity, energy homeostasis, and development in humans and several model organisms. With the progress in lipidomics platform and genetic identification of enzymes involved in ether lipid metabolism such as AGMO, it is now possible to study the consequence of gene ablation on the global lipid pool and further on certain signalling cascades in a variety of model organisms in more detail. |
topic |
AGMO tetrahydrobiopterin alkylglycerols plasmalogens neurodevelopment autism |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/2/88 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT sabrinasailer theemergingphysiologicalroleofagmo10yearsafteritsgeneidentification AT markusakeller theemergingphysiologicalroleofagmo10yearsafteritsgeneidentification AT ernstrwerner theemergingphysiologicalroleofagmo10yearsafteritsgeneidentification AT katrinwatschinger theemergingphysiologicalroleofagmo10yearsafteritsgeneidentification AT sabrinasailer emergingphysiologicalroleofagmo10yearsafteritsgeneidentification AT markusakeller emergingphysiologicalroleofagmo10yearsafteritsgeneidentification AT ernstrwerner emergingphysiologicalroleofagmo10yearsafteritsgeneidentification AT katrinwatschinger emergingphysiologicalroleofagmo10yearsafteritsgeneidentification |
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