Evolutionary conflicts and adverse effects of antiviral factors
Human cells are equipped with a plethora of antiviral proteins protecting them against invading viral pathogens. In contrast to apoptotic or pyroptotic cell death, which serves as ultima ratio to combat viral infections, these cell-intrinsic restriction factors may prevent or at least slow down vira...
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doaj-eab850d89a284043ae55e1bbd9ca9c4d2021-05-05T22:41:27ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2021-01-011010.7554/eLife.65243Evolutionary conflicts and adverse effects of antiviral factorsDaniel Sauter0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7665-0040Frank Kirchhoff1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7052-2360Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany; Institute of Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, GermanyInstitute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, GermanyHuman cells are equipped with a plethora of antiviral proteins protecting them against invading viral pathogens. In contrast to apoptotic or pyroptotic cell death, which serves as ultima ratio to combat viral infections, these cell-intrinsic restriction factors may prevent or at least slow down viral spread while allowing the host cell to survive. Nevertheless, their antiviral activity may also have detrimental effects on the host. While the molecular mechanisms underlying the antiviral activity of restriction factors are frequently well investigated, potential undesired effects of their antiviral functions on the host cell are hardly explored. With a focus on antiretroviral proteins, we summarize in this review how individual restriction factors may exert adverse effects as trade-off for efficient defense against attacking pathogens.https://elifesciences.org/articles/65243restriction factorsviral pathogensadverse effectsinnate immunitya |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Daniel Sauter Frank Kirchhoff |
spellingShingle |
Daniel Sauter Frank Kirchhoff Evolutionary conflicts and adverse effects of antiviral factors eLife restriction factors viral pathogens adverse effects innate immunitya |
author_facet |
Daniel Sauter Frank Kirchhoff |
author_sort |
Daniel Sauter |
title |
Evolutionary conflicts and adverse effects of antiviral factors |
title_short |
Evolutionary conflicts and adverse effects of antiviral factors |
title_full |
Evolutionary conflicts and adverse effects of antiviral factors |
title_fullStr |
Evolutionary conflicts and adverse effects of antiviral factors |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evolutionary conflicts and adverse effects of antiviral factors |
title_sort |
evolutionary conflicts and adverse effects of antiviral factors |
publisher |
eLife Sciences Publications Ltd |
series |
eLife |
issn |
2050-084X |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Human cells are equipped with a plethora of antiviral proteins protecting them against invading viral pathogens. In contrast to apoptotic or pyroptotic cell death, which serves as ultima ratio to combat viral infections, these cell-intrinsic restriction factors may prevent or at least slow down viral spread while allowing the host cell to survive. Nevertheless, their antiviral activity may also have detrimental effects on the host. While the molecular mechanisms underlying the antiviral activity of restriction factors are frequently well investigated, potential undesired effects of their antiviral functions on the host cell are hardly explored. With a focus on antiretroviral proteins, we summarize in this review how individual restriction factors may exert adverse effects as trade-off for efficient defense against attacking pathogens. |
topic |
restriction factors viral pathogens adverse effects innate immunitya |
url |
https://elifesciences.org/articles/65243 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT danielsauter evolutionaryconflictsandadverseeffectsofantiviralfactors AT frankkirchhoff evolutionaryconflictsandadverseeffectsofantiviralfactors |
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1721457698003746816 |