A Recommendation for a Pre-Standardized Marine Microalgal Dry Weight Determination Protocol for Laboratory Scale Culture Using Ammonium Formate as a Washing Agent
Microalgal biomass is one of the crucial criteria in microalgal studies. Many reported methods, even the well-established protocol on microalgal dry weight (DW) determination, vary greatly, and reliable comparative assessment amongst published results could be problematic. This study aimed to determ...
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doaj-eacea563a0504f3bba5bfaf7bedd890f2021-08-26T13:32:22ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372021-08-011079979910.3390/biology10080799A Recommendation for a Pre-Standardized Marine Microalgal Dry Weight Determination Protocol for Laboratory Scale Culture Using Ammonium Formate as a Washing AgentYam Sim Khaw0Hui Teng Tan1Arissara Sopawong2Noor Azmi Shaharuddin3Abdul Rahman Omar4Fatimah Md. Yusoff5Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaLaboratory of Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaLaboratory of Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaLaboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutic, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaMicroalgal biomass is one of the crucial criteria in microalgal studies. Many reported methods, even the well-established protocol on microalgal dry weight (DW) determination, vary greatly, and reliable comparative assessment amongst published results could be problematic. This study aimed to determine the best condition of critical parameters in marine microalgal DW determination for laboratory-scale culture using four different marine microalgal species. These parameters included the washing process, grades of glass microfiber filter (GMF), GMF pretreatment conditions, washing agent (ammonium formate) concentrations, culture: washing agent ratios (v:v) and washing cycles. GMF grade GF/A with precombustion at 450 °C provided the most satisfactory DW and the highest ash-free dry weight (AFDW)/DW ratio. Furthermore, 0.05 M ammonium formate with 1:2 culture: washing agent ratio and a minimum of two washing cycles appeared to be the best settings of microalgal DW determination. The present treatment increased the AFDW/DW ratio of the four respective microalgae by a minimum of 19%. The findings of this study could serve as a pivotal reference in developing a standardized protocol of marine microalgal DW determination to obtain veracious and reliable marine microalgal DW.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/8/799marinemicroalgaebiomassdry weightbest conditionsammonium formate |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yam Sim Khaw Hui Teng Tan Arissara Sopawong Noor Azmi Shaharuddin Abdul Rahman Omar Fatimah Md. Yusoff |
spellingShingle |
Yam Sim Khaw Hui Teng Tan Arissara Sopawong Noor Azmi Shaharuddin Abdul Rahman Omar Fatimah Md. Yusoff A Recommendation for a Pre-Standardized Marine Microalgal Dry Weight Determination Protocol for Laboratory Scale Culture Using Ammonium Formate as a Washing Agent Biology marine microalgae biomass dry weight best conditions ammonium formate |
author_facet |
Yam Sim Khaw Hui Teng Tan Arissara Sopawong Noor Azmi Shaharuddin Abdul Rahman Omar Fatimah Md. Yusoff |
author_sort |
Yam Sim Khaw |
title |
A Recommendation for a Pre-Standardized Marine Microalgal Dry Weight Determination Protocol for Laboratory Scale Culture Using Ammonium Formate as a Washing Agent |
title_short |
A Recommendation for a Pre-Standardized Marine Microalgal Dry Weight Determination Protocol for Laboratory Scale Culture Using Ammonium Formate as a Washing Agent |
title_full |
A Recommendation for a Pre-Standardized Marine Microalgal Dry Weight Determination Protocol for Laboratory Scale Culture Using Ammonium Formate as a Washing Agent |
title_fullStr |
A Recommendation for a Pre-Standardized Marine Microalgal Dry Weight Determination Protocol for Laboratory Scale Culture Using Ammonium Formate as a Washing Agent |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Recommendation for a Pre-Standardized Marine Microalgal Dry Weight Determination Protocol for Laboratory Scale Culture Using Ammonium Formate as a Washing Agent |
title_sort |
recommendation for a pre-standardized marine microalgal dry weight determination protocol for laboratory scale culture using ammonium formate as a washing agent |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Biology |
issn |
2079-7737 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Microalgal biomass is one of the crucial criteria in microalgal studies. Many reported methods, even the well-established protocol on microalgal dry weight (DW) determination, vary greatly, and reliable comparative assessment amongst published results could be problematic. This study aimed to determine the best condition of critical parameters in marine microalgal DW determination for laboratory-scale culture using four different marine microalgal species. These parameters included the washing process, grades of glass microfiber filter (GMF), GMF pretreatment conditions, washing agent (ammonium formate) concentrations, culture: washing agent ratios (v:v) and washing cycles. GMF grade GF/A with precombustion at 450 °C provided the most satisfactory DW and the highest ash-free dry weight (AFDW)/DW ratio. Furthermore, 0.05 M ammonium formate with 1:2 culture: washing agent ratio and a minimum of two washing cycles appeared to be the best settings of microalgal DW determination. The present treatment increased the AFDW/DW ratio of the four respective microalgae by a minimum of 19%. The findings of this study could serve as a pivotal reference in developing a standardized protocol of marine microalgal DW determination to obtain veracious and reliable marine microalgal DW. |
topic |
marine microalgae biomass dry weight best conditions ammonium formate |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/8/799 |
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