| Summary: | Background
Tobacco
consumption causes diseases and can lead to death. Every year 16,000 deaths are
attributable to tobacco smoking and smokeless tobacco in Nepal. The study aims
to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of tobacco
smoking and smokeless tobacco among urban women and men in Nepal.
Methods
The
study is further analysis of the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2011 using
urban subsets of women's and men's individual datasets. The study is based on
1,819 women and 717 men (weighed number) aged 15-49 years residing in urban
areas. The smoking tobacco included
cigarettes, pipe and bidi and smokeless tobacco included chewing tobacco, snuff
and other forms of tobacco.
Results
Prevalence
of smoking and smokeless tobacco was 25.2% and 30% among urban men and 4.8% and
2.5% among urban women respectively. Smoking and smokeless tobacco is highest
among older age 45-49 (men 34.8%, 44.4%; women 16.3%, 7%), illiterate (men
52.4%, 62.8%; women 15.8%, 7.2%), poorest (men 57.1%, 56.2%; women 15.6%, 11.1%),
Dalit (men 38.6%, 42%; women 8%, 5.8%), Terai region´s men (26.5%, 36.3%), Mountain
region´s women (9.1%, 4.3%) and residing in Mid Western region (men 30%, 42%;
women 6.7%, 4.5%) respectively. Smoking and Smokeless tobacco is increasing
with increasing age and demonstrated a negative association with education and
wealth quintile.
Conclusions
In
conclusion, urban men consume more smoking and smokeless tobacco than urban
women. Urban men consume more smokeless tobacco whereas urban women consume
more smoking tobacco. There is high rate of smoking and smokeless tobacco among
older, illiterate, poorest, Dalit, and urban women and men from Terai and
Mid-western region and are significantly associated. There is urgent need of
anti-tobacco campaigns to older, illiterate, poor and people residing in Terai
and Mid Western region of the country.
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