Lentiform fork sign in a uremic patient with a high anion gap metabolic acidosis with seizures: a case report from North West of Ireland

• Main Authors: Salman Mansoor, Lize De Klerk, James Lineen, Muhammad Fahad, Imran Ali, Barry Coffey, Monica Ann Mulry, Shoab Saadat, Siobhan Kelly, Mohammad Hijaz Adenan, Kevin Murphy
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: SpringerOpen 2020-10-01
• Series: The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery
• Subjects: Lentiform fork sign; Uremic encephalopathy; Seizures; Anion gap; Status epilepticus
• Online Access: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41983-020-00234-8

Abstract Background Lentiform fork sign is a neuroradiological abnormality which is encountered in the clinical practice associated with uremic encephalopathy, dialysis disequilibrium syndrome and metabolic acidosis. Case presentation We describe here a case of this neuro-radiological abnormality which was encountered in a patient with uraemia and high anion gap metabolic acidosis who presented with generalised convulsion and later had some tremor in her hands. In our patient, there were few predisposing factors which might have possibly resulted in this abnormality chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic acidosis. Conclusion The Lentiform fork sign is a rare occurrence which can be related to a long list of toxic and metabolic causes but in conjunction with metabolic acidosis in chronic kidney disease patients, it can narrow down this list of alternate diagnosis.