Presence and Genetic Identity of Symbiodiniaceae in the Bioeroding Sponge Genera Cliona and Spheciospongia (Clionaidae) in the Spermonde Archipelago (SW Sulawesi), Indonesia
Members of the family Symbiodiniaceae form symbiotic relationships with several metazoan groups on coral reefs, most notably scleractinian corals. However, despite their importance to the health of coral reefs, their relationship with other host organisms such as bioeroding sponges (Clionaidae) is s...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-12-01
|
Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2020.595452/full |
id |
doaj-ec950305da67458297887eb321342ca7 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-ec950305da67458297887eb321342ca72020-12-23T07:58:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2020-12-01810.3389/fevo.2020.595452595452Presence and Genetic Identity of Symbiodiniaceae in the Bioeroding Sponge Genera Cliona and Spheciospongia (Clionaidae) in the Spermonde Archipelago (SW Sulawesi), IndonesiaNiels van der Windt0Esther van der Ent1Esther van der Ent2Rohani Ambo-Rappe3Nicole J. de Voogd4Nicole J. de Voogd5Marine Biodiversity, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, NetherlandsMarine Biodiversity, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, NetherlandsInstitute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Department of Environmental Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, NetherlandsFaculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Department of Marine Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, IndonesiaMarine Biodiversity, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, NetherlandsInstitute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Department of Environmental Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, NetherlandsMembers of the family Symbiodiniaceae form symbiotic relationships with several metazoan groups on coral reefs, most notably scleractinian corals. However, despite their importance to the health of coral reefs, their relationship with other host organisms such as bioeroding sponges (Clionaidae) is still relatively understudied. In this study we investigate the presence and identity of Symbiodiniaceae in Clionaidae species in Indonesia and evaluate findings related to the evolution and ecology of the host-symbiont relationship. Clionaidae were collected throughout the Spermonde Archipelago in Indonesia. Morphological and molecular techniques were used to identify the sponge host (28S ribosomal DNA) and their Symbiodiniaceae symbionts (ITS2). Seven Clionaidae species were found, of which four species contained Symbiodiniaceae. Cliona aff. orientalis, Cliona thomasi and Spheciospongia maeandrina were host to Cladocopium, while Spheciospongia digitata contained Durusdinium and Freudenthalidium. In the remaining species: Cliona sp., Cliona utricularis and Spheciospongia trincomaliensis no evidence of the presence of Symbiodiniaceae was found. Our results provide the first record of Symbiodiniaceae in the sponge genus Spheciospongia. Additionally, we provide the first findings of Freudenthalidium and first molecular evidence of Durusdinium in bioeroding sponges. Our results indicate coevolution between Spheciospongia digitata, Spheciospongia maeandrina and their symbionts. We discuss that the diversity of Symbiodiniaceae within bioeroding sponges is likely far greater than currently reported in literature. Considering the threat bioeroding sponges can pose to the health of coral reefs, it is crucial to understand Symbiodiniaceae diversity within Clionaidae and their effect on the functioning of Clionaidae species. We propose that the identity of the symbiont species is mostly related to the host species, but we did observe a potential case of environmental adaptation related to environmental stressors.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2020.595452/fullzooxanthellaesymbiosisPoriferaCladocopiumDurusdiniumFreudenthalidium |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Niels van der Windt Esther van der Ent Esther van der Ent Rohani Ambo-Rappe Nicole J. de Voogd Nicole J. de Voogd |
spellingShingle |
Niels van der Windt Esther van der Ent Esther van der Ent Rohani Ambo-Rappe Nicole J. de Voogd Nicole J. de Voogd Presence and Genetic Identity of Symbiodiniaceae in the Bioeroding Sponge Genera Cliona and Spheciospongia (Clionaidae) in the Spermonde Archipelago (SW Sulawesi), Indonesia Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution zooxanthellae symbiosis Porifera Cladocopium Durusdinium Freudenthalidium |
author_facet |
Niels van der Windt Esther van der Ent Esther van der Ent Rohani Ambo-Rappe Nicole J. de Voogd Nicole J. de Voogd |
author_sort |
Niels van der Windt |
title |
Presence and Genetic Identity of Symbiodiniaceae in the Bioeroding Sponge Genera Cliona and Spheciospongia (Clionaidae) in the Spermonde Archipelago (SW Sulawesi), Indonesia |
title_short |
Presence and Genetic Identity of Symbiodiniaceae in the Bioeroding Sponge Genera Cliona and Spheciospongia (Clionaidae) in the Spermonde Archipelago (SW Sulawesi), Indonesia |
title_full |
Presence and Genetic Identity of Symbiodiniaceae in the Bioeroding Sponge Genera Cliona and Spheciospongia (Clionaidae) in the Spermonde Archipelago (SW Sulawesi), Indonesia |
title_fullStr |
Presence and Genetic Identity of Symbiodiniaceae in the Bioeroding Sponge Genera Cliona and Spheciospongia (Clionaidae) in the Spermonde Archipelago (SW Sulawesi), Indonesia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Presence and Genetic Identity of Symbiodiniaceae in the Bioeroding Sponge Genera Cliona and Spheciospongia (Clionaidae) in the Spermonde Archipelago (SW Sulawesi), Indonesia |
title_sort |
presence and genetic identity of symbiodiniaceae in the bioeroding sponge genera cliona and spheciospongia (clionaidae) in the spermonde archipelago (sw sulawesi), indonesia |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
issn |
2296-701X |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
Members of the family Symbiodiniaceae form symbiotic relationships with several metazoan groups on coral reefs, most notably scleractinian corals. However, despite their importance to the health of coral reefs, their relationship with other host organisms such as bioeroding sponges (Clionaidae) is still relatively understudied. In this study we investigate the presence and identity of Symbiodiniaceae in Clionaidae species in Indonesia and evaluate findings related to the evolution and ecology of the host-symbiont relationship. Clionaidae were collected throughout the Spermonde Archipelago in Indonesia. Morphological and molecular techniques were used to identify the sponge host (28S ribosomal DNA) and their Symbiodiniaceae symbionts (ITS2). Seven Clionaidae species were found, of which four species contained Symbiodiniaceae. Cliona aff. orientalis, Cliona thomasi and Spheciospongia maeandrina were host to Cladocopium, while Spheciospongia digitata contained Durusdinium and Freudenthalidium. In the remaining species: Cliona sp., Cliona utricularis and Spheciospongia trincomaliensis no evidence of the presence of Symbiodiniaceae was found. Our results provide the first record of Symbiodiniaceae in the sponge genus Spheciospongia. Additionally, we provide the first findings of Freudenthalidium and first molecular evidence of Durusdinium in bioeroding sponges. Our results indicate coevolution between Spheciospongia digitata, Spheciospongia maeandrina and their symbionts. We discuss that the diversity of Symbiodiniaceae within bioeroding sponges is likely far greater than currently reported in literature. Considering the threat bioeroding sponges can pose to the health of coral reefs, it is crucial to understand Symbiodiniaceae diversity within Clionaidae and their effect on the functioning of Clionaidae species. We propose that the identity of the symbiont species is mostly related to the host species, but we did observe a potential case of environmental adaptation related to environmental stressors. |
topic |
zooxanthellae symbiosis Porifera Cladocopium Durusdinium Freudenthalidium |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2020.595452/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT nielsvanderwindt presenceandgeneticidentityofsymbiodiniaceaeinthebioerodingspongegeneraclionaandspheciospongiaclionaidaeinthespermondearchipelagoswsulawesiindonesia AT esthervanderent presenceandgeneticidentityofsymbiodiniaceaeinthebioerodingspongegeneraclionaandspheciospongiaclionaidaeinthespermondearchipelagoswsulawesiindonesia AT esthervanderent presenceandgeneticidentityofsymbiodiniaceaeinthebioerodingspongegeneraclionaandspheciospongiaclionaidaeinthespermondearchipelagoswsulawesiindonesia AT rohaniamborappe presenceandgeneticidentityofsymbiodiniaceaeinthebioerodingspongegeneraclionaandspheciospongiaclionaidaeinthespermondearchipelagoswsulawesiindonesia AT nicolejdevoogd presenceandgeneticidentityofsymbiodiniaceaeinthebioerodingspongegeneraclionaandspheciospongiaclionaidaeinthespermondearchipelagoswsulawesiindonesia AT nicolejdevoogd presenceandgeneticidentityofsymbiodiniaceaeinthebioerodingspongegeneraclionaandspheciospongiaclionaidaeinthespermondearchipelagoswsulawesiindonesia |
_version_ |
1724373010717081600 |