Niacin Alleviates Dairy Cow Mastitis by Regulating the GPR109A/AMPK/NRF2 Signaling Pathway
Mastitis is one of three bovine diseases recognized as a cause of substantial economic losses every year throughout the world. Niacin is an important feed additive that is used extensively for dairy cow nutrition. However, the mechanism by which niacin acts on mastitis is not clear. The aim of this...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-05-01
|
Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3321 |
id |
doaj-eca6ac95537e435fb40c7dbe99af899a |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-eca6ac95537e435fb40c7dbe99af899a2020-11-25T02:11:14ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-05-01213321332110.3390/ijms21093321Niacin Alleviates Dairy Cow Mastitis by Regulating the GPR109A/AMPK/NRF2 Signaling PathwayWenjin Guo0Juxiong Liu1Wen Li2He Ma3Qian Gong4Xingchi Kan5Yu Cao6Jianfa Wang7Shoupeng Fu8College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, ChinaMastitis is one of three bovine diseases recognized as a cause of substantial economic losses every year throughout the world. Niacin is an important feed additive that is used extensively for dairy cow nutrition. However, the mechanism by which niacin acts on mastitis is not clear. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of niacin in alleviating the inflammatory response of mammary epithelial cells and in anti-mastitis. Mammary glands, milk, and blood samples were collected from mastitis cows not treated with niacin (<i>n</i> = 3) and treated with niacin (30 g/d, <i>n</i> = 3) and healthy cows (<i>n</i> = 3). The expression of GPR109A, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the mammary glands of the dairy cows with mastitis was significantly higher than it was in the glands of the healthy dairy cows. We also conducted animal experiments in vivo by feeding rumen-bypassed niacin. Compared with those in the untreated mastitis group, the somatic cell counts (SCCs) and the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the blood and milk were lower. In vitro, we isolated the primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) from the mammary glands of the healthy cows. The mRNA levels of <i>IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α</i>, and autophagy-related genes were detected after adding niacin, shRNA, compound C, trans retinoic acid, 3-methyladenine to BMECs. Then GPR109A, AMPK, NRF-2, and autophagy-related proteins were detected by Western blot. We found that niacin can activate GPR109A and phosphorylate AMPK, and promote NRF-2 nuclear import and autophagy to alleviate LPS-induced inflammatory response in BMECs. In summary, we found that niacin can reduce the inflammatory response of BMECs through GPR109A/AMPK/NRF-2/autophagy. We also preliminarily explored the alleviative effect of niacin on mastitis in dairy cows.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3321mastitisGPR109AniacinBMECsAMPK/NRF-2autophagy |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Wenjin Guo Juxiong Liu Wen Li He Ma Qian Gong Xingchi Kan Yu Cao Jianfa Wang Shoupeng Fu |
spellingShingle |
Wenjin Guo Juxiong Liu Wen Li He Ma Qian Gong Xingchi Kan Yu Cao Jianfa Wang Shoupeng Fu Niacin Alleviates Dairy Cow Mastitis by Regulating the GPR109A/AMPK/NRF2 Signaling Pathway International Journal of Molecular Sciences mastitis GPR109A niacin BMECs AMPK/NRF-2 autophagy |
author_facet |
Wenjin Guo Juxiong Liu Wen Li He Ma Qian Gong Xingchi Kan Yu Cao Jianfa Wang Shoupeng Fu |
author_sort |
Wenjin Guo |
title |
Niacin Alleviates Dairy Cow Mastitis by Regulating the GPR109A/AMPK/NRF2 Signaling Pathway |
title_short |
Niacin Alleviates Dairy Cow Mastitis by Regulating the GPR109A/AMPK/NRF2 Signaling Pathway |
title_full |
Niacin Alleviates Dairy Cow Mastitis by Regulating the GPR109A/AMPK/NRF2 Signaling Pathway |
title_fullStr |
Niacin Alleviates Dairy Cow Mastitis by Regulating the GPR109A/AMPK/NRF2 Signaling Pathway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Niacin Alleviates Dairy Cow Mastitis by Regulating the GPR109A/AMPK/NRF2 Signaling Pathway |
title_sort |
niacin alleviates dairy cow mastitis by regulating the gpr109a/ampk/nrf2 signaling pathway |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1661-6596 1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2020-05-01 |
description |
Mastitis is one of three bovine diseases recognized as a cause of substantial economic losses every year throughout the world. Niacin is an important feed additive that is used extensively for dairy cow nutrition. However, the mechanism by which niacin acts on mastitis is not clear. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of niacin in alleviating the inflammatory response of mammary epithelial cells and in anti-mastitis. Mammary glands, milk, and blood samples were collected from mastitis cows not treated with niacin (<i>n</i> = 3) and treated with niacin (30 g/d, <i>n</i> = 3) and healthy cows (<i>n</i> = 3). The expression of GPR109A, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the mammary glands of the dairy cows with mastitis was significantly higher than it was in the glands of the healthy dairy cows. We also conducted animal experiments in vivo by feeding rumen-bypassed niacin. Compared with those in the untreated mastitis group, the somatic cell counts (SCCs) and the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the blood and milk were lower. In vitro, we isolated the primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) from the mammary glands of the healthy cows. The mRNA levels of <i>IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α</i>, and autophagy-related genes were detected after adding niacin, shRNA, compound C, trans retinoic acid, 3-methyladenine to BMECs. Then GPR109A, AMPK, NRF-2, and autophagy-related proteins were detected by Western blot. We found that niacin can activate GPR109A and phosphorylate AMPK, and promote NRF-2 nuclear import and autophagy to alleviate LPS-induced inflammatory response in BMECs. In summary, we found that niacin can reduce the inflammatory response of BMECs through GPR109A/AMPK/NRF-2/autophagy. We also preliminarily explored the alleviative effect of niacin on mastitis in dairy cows. |
topic |
mastitis GPR109A niacin BMECs AMPK/NRF-2 autophagy |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3321 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT wenjinguo niacinalleviatesdairycowmastitisbyregulatingthegpr109aampknrf2signalingpathway AT juxiongliu niacinalleviatesdairycowmastitisbyregulatingthegpr109aampknrf2signalingpathway AT wenli niacinalleviatesdairycowmastitisbyregulatingthegpr109aampknrf2signalingpathway AT hema niacinalleviatesdairycowmastitisbyregulatingthegpr109aampknrf2signalingpathway AT qiangong niacinalleviatesdairycowmastitisbyregulatingthegpr109aampknrf2signalingpathway AT xingchikan niacinalleviatesdairycowmastitisbyregulatingthegpr109aampknrf2signalingpathway AT yucao niacinalleviatesdairycowmastitisbyregulatingthegpr109aampknrf2signalingpathway AT jianfawang niacinalleviatesdairycowmastitisbyregulatingthegpr109aampknrf2signalingpathway AT shoupengfu niacinalleviatesdairycowmastitisbyregulatingthegpr109aampknrf2signalingpathway |
_version_ |
1724915532557189120 |