Brainstem and spinal cord circuitry regulating REM sleep and muscle atonia.
Previous work has suggested, but not demonstrated directly, a critical role for both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons of the pontine tegmentum in the regulation of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.To determine the in vivo roles of these fast-acting neurotransmitters in putative REM pontine circuits...
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doaj-ece727d1073f445d929082b6cbbdc20e2020-11-25T01:48:33ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032011-01-01610e2499810.1371/journal.pone.0024998Brainstem and spinal cord circuitry regulating REM sleep and muscle atonia.Martina KrenzerChristelle AnacletRamalingam VetrivelanNishang WangLinh VongBradford B LowellPatrick M FullerJun LuPrevious work has suggested, but not demonstrated directly, a critical role for both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons of the pontine tegmentum in the regulation of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.To determine the in vivo roles of these fast-acting neurotransmitters in putative REM pontine circuits, we injected an adeno-associated viral vector expressing Cre recombinase (AAV-Cre) into mice harboring lox-P modified alleles of either the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) or vesicular GABA-glycine transporter (VGAT) genes. Our results show that glutamatergic neurons of the sublaterodorsal nucleus (SLD) and glycinergic/GABAergic interneurons of the spinal ventral horn contribute to REM atonia, whereas a separate population of glutamatergic neurons in the caudal laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (cLDT) and SLD are important for REM sleep generation. Our results further suggest that presynaptic GABA release in the cLDT-SLD, ventrolateral periaqueductal gray matter (vlPAG) and lateral pontine tegmentum (LPT) are not critically involved in REM sleep control.These findings reveal the critical and divergent in vivo role of pontine glutamate and spinal cord GABA/glycine in the regulation of REM sleep and atonia and suggest a possible etiological basis for REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD).http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3197189?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Martina Krenzer Christelle Anaclet Ramalingam Vetrivelan Nishang Wang Linh Vong Bradford B Lowell Patrick M Fuller Jun Lu |
spellingShingle |
Martina Krenzer Christelle Anaclet Ramalingam Vetrivelan Nishang Wang Linh Vong Bradford B Lowell Patrick M Fuller Jun Lu Brainstem and spinal cord circuitry regulating REM sleep and muscle atonia. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Martina Krenzer Christelle Anaclet Ramalingam Vetrivelan Nishang Wang Linh Vong Bradford B Lowell Patrick M Fuller Jun Lu |
author_sort |
Martina Krenzer |
title |
Brainstem and spinal cord circuitry regulating REM sleep and muscle atonia. |
title_short |
Brainstem and spinal cord circuitry regulating REM sleep and muscle atonia. |
title_full |
Brainstem and spinal cord circuitry regulating REM sleep and muscle atonia. |
title_fullStr |
Brainstem and spinal cord circuitry regulating REM sleep and muscle atonia. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Brainstem and spinal cord circuitry regulating REM sleep and muscle atonia. |
title_sort |
brainstem and spinal cord circuitry regulating rem sleep and muscle atonia. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2011-01-01 |
description |
Previous work has suggested, but not demonstrated directly, a critical role for both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons of the pontine tegmentum in the regulation of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.To determine the in vivo roles of these fast-acting neurotransmitters in putative REM pontine circuits, we injected an adeno-associated viral vector expressing Cre recombinase (AAV-Cre) into mice harboring lox-P modified alleles of either the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) or vesicular GABA-glycine transporter (VGAT) genes. Our results show that glutamatergic neurons of the sublaterodorsal nucleus (SLD) and glycinergic/GABAergic interneurons of the spinal ventral horn contribute to REM atonia, whereas a separate population of glutamatergic neurons in the caudal laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (cLDT) and SLD are important for REM sleep generation. Our results further suggest that presynaptic GABA release in the cLDT-SLD, ventrolateral periaqueductal gray matter (vlPAG) and lateral pontine tegmentum (LPT) are not critically involved in REM sleep control.These findings reveal the critical and divergent in vivo role of pontine glutamate and spinal cord GABA/glycine in the regulation of REM sleep and atonia and suggest a possible etiological basis for REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3197189?pdf=render |
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