Photovoltaic Array Fault Diagnosis Based on Gaussian Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Algorithm
In the fault diagnosis process of a photovoltaic (PV) array, it is difficult to discriminate single faults and compound faults with similar signatures. Furthermore, the data collected in the actual field experiment also contains strong noise, which leads to the decline of diagnostic accuracy. In ord...
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doaj-edd8f71b3a9e4c588c2b418837f0232d2020-11-24T21:44:34ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-03-01197152010.3390/s19071520s19071520Photovoltaic Array Fault Diagnosis Based on Gaussian Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering AlgorithmShengyang Liu0Lei Dong1Xiaozhong Liao2Xiaodong Cao3Xiaoxiao Wang4School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaIn the fault diagnosis process of a photovoltaic (PV) array, it is difficult to discriminate single faults and compound faults with similar signatures. Furthermore, the data collected in the actual field experiment also contains strong noise, which leads to the decline of diagnostic accuracy. In order to solve these problems, a new eigenvector composed of the normalized PV voltage, the normalized PV current and the fill factor is constructed and proposed to characterize the common faults, such as open circuit, short circuit and compound faults in the PV array. The combination of these three feature characteristics can reduce the interference of external meteorological conditions in the fault identification. In order to obtain the new eigenvectors, a multi-sensory system for fault diagnosis in a PV array, combined with a data-mining solution for the classification of the operational state of the PV array, is needed. The selected sensors are temperature sensors, irradiance sensors, voltage sensors and current sensors. Taking account of the complexity of the fault data in the PV array, the Kernel Fuzzy C-means clustering method is adopted to identify these fault types. Gaussian Kernel Fuzzy C-means clustering method (GKFCM) shows good clustering performance for classifying the complex datasets, thus the classification accuracy can be effectively improved in the recognition process. This algorithm is divided into the training and testing phases. In the training phase, the feature vectors of 8 different fault types are clustered to obtain the training core points. According to the minimum Euclidean Distances between the training core points and new fault data, the new fault datasets can be identified into the corresponding classes in the fault classification stage. This strategy can not only diagnose single faults, but also identify compound fault conditions. Finally, the simulation and field experiment demonstrated that the algorithm can effectively diagnose the 8 common faults in photovoltaic arrays.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1520solar energyPV arrayfault diagnosisfill factorkernel fuzzy C-means ClusteringKFCM |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Shengyang Liu Lei Dong Xiaozhong Liao Xiaodong Cao Xiaoxiao Wang |
spellingShingle |
Shengyang Liu Lei Dong Xiaozhong Liao Xiaodong Cao Xiaoxiao Wang Photovoltaic Array Fault Diagnosis Based on Gaussian Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Algorithm Sensors solar energy PV array fault diagnosis fill factor kernel fuzzy C-means Clustering KFCM |
author_facet |
Shengyang Liu Lei Dong Xiaozhong Liao Xiaodong Cao Xiaoxiao Wang |
author_sort |
Shengyang Liu |
title |
Photovoltaic Array Fault Diagnosis Based on Gaussian Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Algorithm |
title_short |
Photovoltaic Array Fault Diagnosis Based on Gaussian Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Algorithm |
title_full |
Photovoltaic Array Fault Diagnosis Based on Gaussian Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Algorithm |
title_fullStr |
Photovoltaic Array Fault Diagnosis Based on Gaussian Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Algorithm |
title_full_unstemmed |
Photovoltaic Array Fault Diagnosis Based on Gaussian Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Algorithm |
title_sort |
photovoltaic array fault diagnosis based on gaussian kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Sensors |
issn |
1424-8220 |
publishDate |
2019-03-01 |
description |
In the fault diagnosis process of a photovoltaic (PV) array, it is difficult to discriminate single faults and compound faults with similar signatures. Furthermore, the data collected in the actual field experiment also contains strong noise, which leads to the decline of diagnostic accuracy. In order to solve these problems, a new eigenvector composed of the normalized PV voltage, the normalized PV current and the fill factor is constructed and proposed to characterize the common faults, such as open circuit, short circuit and compound faults in the PV array. The combination of these three feature characteristics can reduce the interference of external meteorological conditions in the fault identification. In order to obtain the new eigenvectors, a multi-sensory system for fault diagnosis in a PV array, combined with a data-mining solution for the classification of the operational state of the PV array, is needed. The selected sensors are temperature sensors, irradiance sensors, voltage sensors and current sensors. Taking account of the complexity of the fault data in the PV array, the Kernel Fuzzy C-means clustering method is adopted to identify these fault types. Gaussian Kernel Fuzzy C-means clustering method (GKFCM) shows good clustering performance for classifying the complex datasets, thus the classification accuracy can be effectively improved in the recognition process. This algorithm is divided into the training and testing phases. In the training phase, the feature vectors of 8 different fault types are clustered to obtain the training core points. According to the minimum Euclidean Distances between the training core points and new fault data, the new fault datasets can be identified into the corresponding classes in the fault classification stage. This strategy can not only diagnose single faults, but also identify compound fault conditions. Finally, the simulation and field experiment demonstrated that the algorithm can effectively diagnose the 8 common faults in photovoltaic arrays. |
topic |
solar energy PV array fault diagnosis fill factor kernel fuzzy C-means Clustering KFCM |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/7/1520 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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