Somatosensory-motor cortex interactions measured using dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation
Background: Dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation (ds-TMS) is a neurophysiological technique to measure functional connectivity between cortical areas. Objective/Hypothesis: To date, no study has used ds-TMS to investigate short intra-hemispheric interactions between the somatosensory areas an...
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doaj-ee620c59ccc743578d219aef60a013232021-03-19T07:20:12ZengElsevierBrain Stimulation1935-861X2019-09-0112512291243Somatosensory-motor cortex interactions measured using dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulationMatt J.N. Brown0Anne Weissbach1Martje G. Pauly2Michael Vesia3Carolyn Gunraj4Julianne Baarbé5Alexander Münchau6Tobias Bäumer7Robert Chen8Division of Brain, Imaging, & Behaviour – Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, California State University Sacramento, Sacramento, USA; Corresponding author. Department of Kinesiology and Health Science California State Universtiy, Sacramento (CSUS) 6000 J Street Sacramento, California, 95819-6073, USA.Division of Brain, Imaging, & Behaviour – Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, GermanyInstitute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, GermanyDivision of Brain, Imaging, & Behaviour – Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Canada; School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USADivision of Brain, Imaging, & Behaviour – Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, CanadaDivision of Brain, Imaging, & Behaviour – Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Canada; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaInstitute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, GermanyInstitute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, GermanyDivision of Brain, Imaging, & Behaviour – Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Canada; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaBackground: Dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation (ds-TMS) is a neurophysiological technique to measure functional connectivity between cortical areas. Objective/Hypothesis: To date, no study has used ds-TMS to investigate short intra-hemispheric interactions between the somatosensory areas and primary motor cortex (M1). Methods: We examined somatosensory-M1 interactions in the left hemisphere in six experiments using ds-TMS. In Experiment 1 (n = 16), the effects of different conditioning stimulus (CS) intensities on somatosensory-M1 interactions were measured with 1 and 2.5 ms inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs). In Experiment 2 (n = 16), the time-course of somatosensoy-M1 interactions was studied using supra-threshold CS intensity at 6 different ISIs. In Experiment 3 (n = 16), the time-course of short-interval cortical inhibition (SICI) and effects of different CS intensities on SICI were measured similar to Experiments 1 and 2. Experiment 4 (n = 13) examined the effects of active contraction on SICI and somatosensory-M1 inhibition. Experiments 5 and 6 (n = 10) examined the interactions between SAI with either 1 ms SICI or somatosensory-M1 inhibition. Results: Experiments 1 and 2 revealed reduced MEP amplitudes when applying somatosensory CS 1 ms prior to M1 TS with 140 and 160% CS intensities. Experiment 3 demonstrated that SICI at 1 and 2.5 ms did not correlate with somatosensory-M1 inhibition. Experiment 4 found that SICI but not somatosensory-M1 inhibition was abolished with active contraction. The results of Experiments 5–6 showed SAI was disinhibited in presence of somatosensory-M1 while SAI was increased in presence of SICI. Conclusion: Collectively, the results support the notion that the somatosensory areas inhibit the ipsilateral M1 at very short latencies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X19302001SomatosensoryMotorSensorimotor controlTMSPaired-pulse TMSDual-site TMS |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Matt J.N. Brown Anne Weissbach Martje G. Pauly Michael Vesia Carolyn Gunraj Julianne Baarbé Alexander Münchau Tobias Bäumer Robert Chen |
spellingShingle |
Matt J.N. Brown Anne Weissbach Martje G. Pauly Michael Vesia Carolyn Gunraj Julianne Baarbé Alexander Münchau Tobias Bäumer Robert Chen Somatosensory-motor cortex interactions measured using dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation Brain Stimulation Somatosensory Motor Sensorimotor control TMS Paired-pulse TMS Dual-site TMS |
author_facet |
Matt J.N. Brown Anne Weissbach Martje G. Pauly Michael Vesia Carolyn Gunraj Julianne Baarbé Alexander Münchau Tobias Bäumer Robert Chen |
author_sort |
Matt J.N. Brown |
title |
Somatosensory-motor cortex interactions measured using dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation |
title_short |
Somatosensory-motor cortex interactions measured using dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation |
title_full |
Somatosensory-motor cortex interactions measured using dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation |
title_fullStr |
Somatosensory-motor cortex interactions measured using dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Somatosensory-motor cortex interactions measured using dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation |
title_sort |
somatosensory-motor cortex interactions measured using dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Brain Stimulation |
issn |
1935-861X |
publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
description |
Background: Dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation (ds-TMS) is a neurophysiological technique to measure functional connectivity between cortical areas. Objective/Hypothesis: To date, no study has used ds-TMS to investigate short intra-hemispheric interactions between the somatosensory areas and primary motor cortex (M1). Methods: We examined somatosensory-M1 interactions in the left hemisphere in six experiments using ds-TMS. In Experiment 1 (n = 16), the effects of different conditioning stimulus (CS) intensities on somatosensory-M1 interactions were measured with 1 and 2.5 ms inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs). In Experiment 2 (n = 16), the time-course of somatosensoy-M1 interactions was studied using supra-threshold CS intensity at 6 different ISIs. In Experiment 3 (n = 16), the time-course of short-interval cortical inhibition (SICI) and effects of different CS intensities on SICI were measured similar to Experiments 1 and 2. Experiment 4 (n = 13) examined the effects of active contraction on SICI and somatosensory-M1 inhibition. Experiments 5 and 6 (n = 10) examined the interactions between SAI with either 1 ms SICI or somatosensory-M1 inhibition. Results: Experiments 1 and 2 revealed reduced MEP amplitudes when applying somatosensory CS 1 ms prior to M1 TS with 140 and 160% CS intensities. Experiment 3 demonstrated that SICI at 1 and 2.5 ms did not correlate with somatosensory-M1 inhibition. Experiment 4 found that SICI but not somatosensory-M1 inhibition was abolished with active contraction. The results of Experiments 5–6 showed SAI was disinhibited in presence of somatosensory-M1 while SAI was increased in presence of SICI. Conclusion: Collectively, the results support the notion that the somatosensory areas inhibit the ipsilateral M1 at very short latencies. |
topic |
Somatosensory Motor Sensorimotor control TMS Paired-pulse TMS Dual-site TMS |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X19302001 |
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