Unconventionally Secreted Manganese Superoxide Dismutase VdSOD3 Is Required for the Virulence of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>
Plant pathogens generally employ superoxide dismutase (SOD) to detoxify host defense reactive oxygen species (ROS), and to scavenge ROS derived from their own metabolism. However, the roles of SODs in an important vascular pathogen, <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>, are unclear. Our previous...
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doaj-eea1be4a814d4984821f3a870a9a77f92021-04-02T18:24:50ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-12-0111131310.3390/agronomy11010013Unconventionally Secreted Manganese Superoxide Dismutase VdSOD3 Is Required for the Virulence of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>Li Tian0Weixia Sun1Junjiao Li2Jieyin Chen3Xiaofeng Dai4Nianwei Qiu5Dandan Zhang6School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaSchool of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaTeam of Crop Verticillium wilt, c/o State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaTeam of Crop Verticillium wilt, c/o State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaTeam of Crop Verticillium wilt, c/o State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaSchool of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaTeam of Crop Verticillium wilt, c/o State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaPlant pathogens generally employ superoxide dismutase (SOD) to detoxify host defense reactive oxygen species (ROS), and to scavenge ROS derived from their own metabolism. However, the roles of SODs in an important vascular pathogen, <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>, are unclear. Our previous study has shown that a putative signal-peptide-lacking manganese superoxide dismutase (VdSOD3) is present in the exoproteome of <i>V. dahliae</i> cultured in tissues of host cotton, suggesting that VdSOD3 may be exported out of the fungal cells and contribute to the SOD activity extracellularly. Here, we confirm that the <i>N</i>-terminal of VdSOD3 is not a functional signal peptide by yeast signal trap assay. Despite lacking the signal peptide, the extracellular distribution of VdSOD3 was observed in planta by confocal microscopy during infection. Loss-of-function of <i>VdSOD3</i> decreased extracellular and intracellular SOD activities of <i>V. dahliae</i> by 58.2% and 17.4%, respectively. Deletion mutant of <i>VdSOD3</i> had normal growth and conidiation but showed significantly reduced virulence to susceptible hosts of cotton and <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>. Our data show that signal-peptide-lacking VdSOD3 is a dual function superoxide dismutase, localizing and functioning intracellularly and extracellularly. Whereas nonessential for viability, VdSOD3 plays a vital role in the virulence of <i>V. dahliae</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/1/13<i>Verticillium dahliae</i>superoxide dismutaseunconventional secretionvirulence |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Li Tian Weixia Sun Junjiao Li Jieyin Chen Xiaofeng Dai Nianwei Qiu Dandan Zhang |
spellingShingle |
Li Tian Weixia Sun Junjiao Li Jieyin Chen Xiaofeng Dai Nianwei Qiu Dandan Zhang Unconventionally Secreted Manganese Superoxide Dismutase VdSOD3 Is Required for the Virulence of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Agronomy <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> superoxide dismutase unconventional secretion virulence |
author_facet |
Li Tian Weixia Sun Junjiao Li Jieyin Chen Xiaofeng Dai Nianwei Qiu Dandan Zhang |
author_sort |
Li Tian |
title |
Unconventionally Secreted Manganese Superoxide Dismutase VdSOD3 Is Required for the Virulence of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> |
title_short |
Unconventionally Secreted Manganese Superoxide Dismutase VdSOD3 Is Required for the Virulence of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> |
title_full |
Unconventionally Secreted Manganese Superoxide Dismutase VdSOD3 Is Required for the Virulence of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> |
title_fullStr |
Unconventionally Secreted Manganese Superoxide Dismutase VdSOD3 Is Required for the Virulence of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> |
title_full_unstemmed |
Unconventionally Secreted Manganese Superoxide Dismutase VdSOD3 Is Required for the Virulence of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> |
title_sort |
unconventionally secreted manganese superoxide dismutase vdsod3 is required for the virulence of <i>verticillium dahliae</i> |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Agronomy |
issn |
2073-4395 |
publishDate |
2021-12-01 |
description |
Plant pathogens generally employ superoxide dismutase (SOD) to detoxify host defense reactive oxygen species (ROS), and to scavenge ROS derived from their own metabolism. However, the roles of SODs in an important vascular pathogen, <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>, are unclear. Our previous study has shown that a putative signal-peptide-lacking manganese superoxide dismutase (VdSOD3) is present in the exoproteome of <i>V. dahliae</i> cultured in tissues of host cotton, suggesting that VdSOD3 may be exported out of the fungal cells and contribute to the SOD activity extracellularly. Here, we confirm that the <i>N</i>-terminal of VdSOD3 is not a functional signal peptide by yeast signal trap assay. Despite lacking the signal peptide, the extracellular distribution of VdSOD3 was observed in planta by confocal microscopy during infection. Loss-of-function of <i>VdSOD3</i> decreased extracellular and intracellular SOD activities of <i>V. dahliae</i> by 58.2% and 17.4%, respectively. Deletion mutant of <i>VdSOD3</i> had normal growth and conidiation but showed significantly reduced virulence to susceptible hosts of cotton and <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>. Our data show that signal-peptide-lacking VdSOD3 is a dual function superoxide dismutase, localizing and functioning intracellularly and extracellularly. Whereas nonessential for viability, VdSOD3 plays a vital role in the virulence of <i>V. dahliae</i>. |
topic |
<i>Verticillium dahliae</i> superoxide dismutase unconventional secretion virulence |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/1/13 |
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