In Vitro Production and Exudation of 20-Hydroxymaytenin from <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> (Eckl. and Zeyh.) Loes. Cell Culture
The metabolite 20-Hydroxymaytenin (20-HM) is a member of the quinone-methide pentacyclic triterpenoids (QMTs) group. This metabolite group is present only in Celastraceae plants, and it has shown various biological activities from antioxidant to anticancer properties. However, most QMTs metabolites...
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doaj-f15d70bb51b747628144b705306565142021-08-26T14:13:48ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-07-01101493149310.3390/plants10081493In Vitro Production and Exudation of 20-Hydroxymaytenin from <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> (Eckl. and Zeyh.) Loes. Cell CultureThanet Pitakbut0Michael Spiteller1Oliver Kayser2Technical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyInstitute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyTechnical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyThe metabolite 20-Hydroxymaytenin (20-HM) is a member of the quinone-methide pentacyclic triterpenoids (QMTs) group. This metabolite group is present only in Celastraceae plants, and it has shown various biological activities from antioxidant to anticancer properties. However, most QMTs metabolites including 20-HM cannot be synthesized in a laboratory. Therefore, we optimized a plant tissue culture protocol and examined the potential of <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> (synonym. <i>Maytenus heterophylla</i>) to produce 20-HM in an in vitro experiment. For the first time, we reported the optimum callus induction medium with a high percentage success rate of 82% from the combination of 1 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid and 5 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid. Later, our cell suspension culture cultivated in the optimum medium provided approximately 0.35 mg/g fresh weight of 20-HM. This concentration is roughly 87.5 times higher than a concentration of 20-HM presenting in <i>Elaeodendron croceum</i> (Celastraceae) leaves. In addition, we also found that 20-HM presented in a cultivation medium, suggesting that <i>G. heterophylla</i> cells secreted 20-HM as an exudate in our experiment. Noticeably, 20-HM was missing when <i>Penicillium</i> cf. <i>olsonii</i> occurred in the medium. These findings hint at an antifungal property of 20-HM.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/8/1493plant cell cultureplant exudate20-hydroxymaytenin<i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Thanet Pitakbut Michael Spiteller Oliver Kayser |
spellingShingle |
Thanet Pitakbut Michael Spiteller Oliver Kayser In Vitro Production and Exudation of 20-Hydroxymaytenin from <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> (Eckl. and Zeyh.) Loes. Cell Culture Plants plant cell culture plant exudate 20-hydroxymaytenin <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> |
author_facet |
Thanet Pitakbut Michael Spiteller Oliver Kayser |
author_sort |
Thanet Pitakbut |
title |
In Vitro Production and Exudation of 20-Hydroxymaytenin from <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> (Eckl. and Zeyh.) Loes. Cell Culture |
title_short |
In Vitro Production and Exudation of 20-Hydroxymaytenin from <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> (Eckl. and Zeyh.) Loes. Cell Culture |
title_full |
In Vitro Production and Exudation of 20-Hydroxymaytenin from <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> (Eckl. and Zeyh.) Loes. Cell Culture |
title_fullStr |
In Vitro Production and Exudation of 20-Hydroxymaytenin from <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> (Eckl. and Zeyh.) Loes. Cell Culture |
title_full_unstemmed |
In Vitro Production and Exudation of 20-Hydroxymaytenin from <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> (Eckl. and Zeyh.) Loes. Cell Culture |
title_sort |
in vitro production and exudation of 20-hydroxymaytenin from <i>gymnosporia heterophylla</i> (eckl. and zeyh.) loes. cell culture |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Plants |
issn |
2223-7747 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
The metabolite 20-Hydroxymaytenin (20-HM) is a member of the quinone-methide pentacyclic triterpenoids (QMTs) group. This metabolite group is present only in Celastraceae plants, and it has shown various biological activities from antioxidant to anticancer properties. However, most QMTs metabolites including 20-HM cannot be synthesized in a laboratory. Therefore, we optimized a plant tissue culture protocol and examined the potential of <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> (synonym. <i>Maytenus heterophylla</i>) to produce 20-HM in an in vitro experiment. For the first time, we reported the optimum callus induction medium with a high percentage success rate of 82% from the combination of 1 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid and 5 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid. Later, our cell suspension culture cultivated in the optimum medium provided approximately 0.35 mg/g fresh weight of 20-HM. This concentration is roughly 87.5 times higher than a concentration of 20-HM presenting in <i>Elaeodendron croceum</i> (Celastraceae) leaves. In addition, we also found that 20-HM presented in a cultivation medium, suggesting that <i>G. heterophylla</i> cells secreted 20-HM as an exudate in our experiment. Noticeably, 20-HM was missing when <i>Penicillium</i> cf. <i>olsonii</i> occurred in the medium. These findings hint at an antifungal property of 20-HM. |
topic |
plant cell culture plant exudate 20-hydroxymaytenin <i>Gymnosporia heterophylla</i> |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/8/1493 |
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