Time Course and Determinants of Individual Motivation among Women Enrolled in a Diet and Physical Activity Primary Prevention Trial

• Main Authors: Saverio Caini, Melania Assedi, Elisa Grechi, Ilaria Ermini, Donatella Zagni, Daniela Occhini, Maria Castaldo, Benedetta Bendinelli, Domenico Palli, Giovanna Masala
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-11-01
• Series: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
• Subjects: motivation; dietary habits; physical activity levels; primary prevention; randomized intervention trial
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/22/8589
• ISSN: 1661-7827; 1660-4601

We studied the determinants of motivation among post-menopausal women enrolled in a two-year diet and physical activity primary prevention randomized trial. Participants were requested to grade the importance attached to changing their lifestyle, their confidence about being able to implement the change, and their willingness to be involved in studies focusing on lifestyle. We used multi-adjusted regression to investigate the association between individual characteristics, study arm, and individual motivation at study entry and end. Participants (<i>n</i> = 234) were highly motivated both at entry and throughout the study. Women with pre-existing healthier eating habits and lifestyles (e.g., high consumption of fruit and vegetables, low red meat consumption, and physically active) were more motivated at entry and over the course of the study. Women assigned to any intervention arm were more motivated than those in the control arm. These findings may help enhance adherence to recommendations and improve effectiveness of community-based health promotion campaigns.