The impact of social capital, land use, air pollution and noise on individual morbidity in Dutch neighbourhoods
Background: Both social and physical neighbourhood factors may affect residents' health, but few studies have considered the combination of several exposures in relation to individual health status. Aim: To assess a range of different potentially relevant physical and social environmental chara...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2018-12-01
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Series: | Environment International |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412017322870 |
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doaj-f1855f8bb9994a0ab04545011b0be096 |
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record_format |
Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jan-Paul Zock Robert Verheij Marco Helbich Beate Volker Peter Spreeuwenberg Maciek Strak Nicole A.H. Janssen Martin Dijst Peter Groenewegen |
spellingShingle |
Jan-Paul Zock Robert Verheij Marco Helbich Beate Volker Peter Spreeuwenberg Maciek Strak Nicole A.H. Janssen Martin Dijst Peter Groenewegen The impact of social capital, land use, air pollution and noise on individual morbidity in Dutch neighbourhoods Environment International |
author_facet |
Jan-Paul Zock Robert Verheij Marco Helbich Beate Volker Peter Spreeuwenberg Maciek Strak Nicole A.H. Janssen Martin Dijst Peter Groenewegen |
author_sort |
Jan-Paul Zock |
title |
The impact of social capital, land use, air pollution and noise on individual morbidity in Dutch neighbourhoods |
title_short |
The impact of social capital, land use, air pollution and noise on individual morbidity in Dutch neighbourhoods |
title_full |
The impact of social capital, land use, air pollution and noise on individual morbidity in Dutch neighbourhoods |
title_fullStr |
The impact of social capital, land use, air pollution and noise on individual morbidity in Dutch neighbourhoods |
title_full_unstemmed |
The impact of social capital, land use, air pollution and noise on individual morbidity in Dutch neighbourhoods |
title_sort |
impact of social capital, land use, air pollution and noise on individual morbidity in dutch neighbourhoods |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Environment International |
issn |
0160-4120 |
publishDate |
2018-12-01 |
description |
Background: Both social and physical neighbourhood factors may affect residents' health, but few studies have considered the combination of several exposures in relation to individual health status. Aim: To assess a range of different potentially relevant physical and social environmental characteristics in a sample of small neighbourhoods in the Netherlands, to study their mutual correlations and to explore associations with morbidity of residents using routinely collected general practitioners' (GPs') data. Methods: For 135 neighbourhoods in 43 Dutch municipalities, we could assess area-level social cohesion and collective efficacy using external questionnaire data, urbanisation, amount of greenspace and water areas, land use diversity, air pollution (particulate matter (PM) with a diameter <10 μm (PM10), PM <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and noise (from road traffic and from railways). Health data of the year 2013 from GPs were available for 4450 residents living in these 135 neighbourhoods, that were representative for the entire country. Morbidity of 10 relevant physical or mental health groupings was considered. Individual-level socio-economic information was obtained from Statistics Netherlands. Associations between neighbourhood exposures and individual morbidity were quantified using multilevel mixed effects logistic regression analyses, adjusted for sex, age (continuous), household income and socio-economic status (individual level) and municipality and neighbourhood (group level). Results: Most physical exposures were strongly correlated with degree of urbanisation. Social cohesion and collective efficacy tended to be higher in less urbanised municipalities. Degree of urbanisation was associated with higher morbidity of all disease groupings. A higher social cohesion at the municipal level coincided with a lower prevalence of depression, migraine/severe headache and Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms (MUPS). An increase in both natural and agricultural greenspace in the neighbourhood was weakly associated with less morbidity for all conditions. A high land use diversity was consistently associated with lower morbidities, in particular among non-occupationally active individuals. Conclusion: A high diversity in land use of neighbourhoods may be beneficial for physical and mental health of the inhabitants. If confirmed, this may be incorporated into urban planning, in particular regarding the diversity of greenspace. Keywords: Greenspace, Land use, Neighbourhood, Health, Social capital, Epidemiology |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412017322870 |
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doaj-f1855f8bb9994a0ab04545011b0be0962020-11-25T02:01:47ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202018-12-01121453460The impact of social capital, land use, air pollution and noise on individual morbidity in Dutch neighbourhoodsJan-Paul Zock0Robert Verheij1Marco Helbich2Beate Volker3Peter Spreeuwenberg4Maciek Strak5Nicole A.H. Janssen6Martin Dijst7Peter Groenewegen8Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Corresponding author at: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands.Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, the NetherlandsDepartment of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the NetherlandsDepartment of Sociology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsNetherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, the NetherlandsInstitute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the NetherlandsNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the NetherlandsDepartment of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the NetherlandsNetherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the NetherlandsBackground: Both social and physical neighbourhood factors may affect residents' health, but few studies have considered the combination of several exposures in relation to individual health status. Aim: To assess a range of different potentially relevant physical and social environmental characteristics in a sample of small neighbourhoods in the Netherlands, to study their mutual correlations and to explore associations with morbidity of residents using routinely collected general practitioners' (GPs') data. Methods: For 135 neighbourhoods in 43 Dutch municipalities, we could assess area-level social cohesion and collective efficacy using external questionnaire data, urbanisation, amount of greenspace and water areas, land use diversity, air pollution (particulate matter (PM) with a diameter <10 μm (PM10), PM <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and noise (from road traffic and from railways). Health data of the year 2013 from GPs were available for 4450 residents living in these 135 neighbourhoods, that were representative for the entire country. Morbidity of 10 relevant physical or mental health groupings was considered. Individual-level socio-economic information was obtained from Statistics Netherlands. Associations between neighbourhood exposures and individual morbidity were quantified using multilevel mixed effects logistic regression analyses, adjusted for sex, age (continuous), household income and socio-economic status (individual level) and municipality and neighbourhood (group level). Results: Most physical exposures were strongly correlated with degree of urbanisation. Social cohesion and collective efficacy tended to be higher in less urbanised municipalities. Degree of urbanisation was associated with higher morbidity of all disease groupings. A higher social cohesion at the municipal level coincided with a lower prevalence of depression, migraine/severe headache and Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms (MUPS). An increase in both natural and agricultural greenspace in the neighbourhood was weakly associated with less morbidity for all conditions. A high land use diversity was consistently associated with lower morbidities, in particular among non-occupationally active individuals. Conclusion: A high diversity in land use of neighbourhoods may be beneficial for physical and mental health of the inhabitants. If confirmed, this may be incorporated into urban planning, in particular regarding the diversity of greenspace. Keywords: Greenspace, Land use, Neighbourhood, Health, Social capital, Epidemiologyhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412017322870 |