Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes
In comparison to lignocellulosic biomass, which is suitable for thermo-chemical valorization, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is mainly treated via composting or anaerobic digestion (AD). An efficient utilization of OFMSW is difficult due to variations in its composition. Based...
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doaj-f1c4ee5365e8470cb198d84f1d6379222021-06-01T00:58:36ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-05-01143041304110.3390/en14113041Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal ProcessesGregor Sailer0Victoria Knappe1Jens Poetsch2Sebastian Paczkowski3Stefan Pelz4Hans Oechsner5Monika Bosilj6Siham Ouardi7Joachim Müller8Department of Bioenergy, University of Applied Forest Sciences Rottenburg, Schadenweilerhof, 72108 Rottenburg, GermanyDepartment of Bioenergy, University of Applied Forest Sciences Rottenburg, Schadenweilerhof, 72108 Rottenburg, GermanyDepartment of Bioenergy, University of Applied Forest Sciences Rottenburg, Schadenweilerhof, 72108 Rottenburg, GermanyDepartment of Forest Work Science and Engineering, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, GermanyDepartment of Bioenergy, University of Applied Forest Sciences Rottenburg, Schadenweilerhof, 72108 Rottenburg, GermanyState Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanySustainable Catalytic Materials Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstraße 2, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, GermanySustainable Catalytic Materials Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstraße 2, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, GermanyTropics and Subtropics Group, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyIn comparison to lignocellulosic biomass, which is suitable for thermo-chemical valorization, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is mainly treated via composting or anaerobic digestion (AD). An efficient utilization of OFMSW is difficult due to variations in its composition. Based on the characteristics of OFMSW, hydrothermal treatment (HTT) experiments at temperatures < 200 °C as an alternative OFMSW-processing were evaluated in this study. The raw OFMSW was characterized with a dry matter (DM)-based organic dry matter (oDM) content of 77.88 ± 1.37 %<sub>DM</sub> and a higher heating value (HHV) of 15,417 ± 1258 J/g<sub>DM</sub>. Through HTT at 150, 170 and 185 °C, the oDM contents as well as H/C and O/C ratios were lowered while the HHV increased up to 16,716 ± 257 J/g<sub>DM</sub>. HTT led to improved fuel properties concerning ash melting, corrosion stress and emission behavior. Negative consequences of the HTT process were higher contents of ash in the biochar as well as accumulated heavy metals. In the sense of a bioeconomy, it could be beneficial to first convert raw OFMSW into CH<sub>4</sub> through AD followed by HTT of the AD-digestate for the generation of solid fuels and liquid products. This could increase the overall utilization efficiency of OFMSW.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/11/3041biowasteOFMSWmunicipal wastehydrothermal carbonizationwaste treatmentbiomass upgrading |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Gregor Sailer Victoria Knappe Jens Poetsch Sebastian Paczkowski Stefan Pelz Hans Oechsner Monika Bosilj Siham Ouardi Joachim Müller |
spellingShingle |
Gregor Sailer Victoria Knappe Jens Poetsch Sebastian Paczkowski Stefan Pelz Hans Oechsner Monika Bosilj Siham Ouardi Joachim Müller Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes Energies biowaste OFMSW municipal waste hydrothermal carbonization waste treatment biomass upgrading |
author_facet |
Gregor Sailer Victoria Knappe Jens Poetsch Sebastian Paczkowski Stefan Pelz Hans Oechsner Monika Bosilj Siham Ouardi Joachim Müller |
author_sort |
Gregor Sailer |
title |
Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes |
title_short |
Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes |
title_full |
Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes |
title_fullStr |
Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Upgrading the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Processes |
title_sort |
upgrading the organic fraction of municipal solid waste by low temperature hydrothermal processes |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Energies |
issn |
1996-1073 |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
In comparison to lignocellulosic biomass, which is suitable for thermo-chemical valorization, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is mainly treated via composting or anaerobic digestion (AD). An efficient utilization of OFMSW is difficult due to variations in its composition. Based on the characteristics of OFMSW, hydrothermal treatment (HTT) experiments at temperatures < 200 °C as an alternative OFMSW-processing were evaluated in this study. The raw OFMSW was characterized with a dry matter (DM)-based organic dry matter (oDM) content of 77.88 ± 1.37 %<sub>DM</sub> and a higher heating value (HHV) of 15,417 ± 1258 J/g<sub>DM</sub>. Through HTT at 150, 170 and 185 °C, the oDM contents as well as H/C and O/C ratios were lowered while the HHV increased up to 16,716 ± 257 J/g<sub>DM</sub>. HTT led to improved fuel properties concerning ash melting, corrosion stress and emission behavior. Negative consequences of the HTT process were higher contents of ash in the biochar as well as accumulated heavy metals. In the sense of a bioeconomy, it could be beneficial to first convert raw OFMSW into CH<sub>4</sub> through AD followed by HTT of the AD-digestate for the generation of solid fuels and liquid products. This could increase the overall utilization efficiency of OFMSW. |
topic |
biowaste OFMSW municipal waste hydrothermal carbonization waste treatment biomass upgrading |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/11/3041 |
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