Inadequacy of gestational weight gain during high-risk pregnancies is not associated with household food insecurity

Abstract Background Inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with adverse outcomes in maternal and child health and can be enhanced by social inequalities, such as lower education and household food insecurity (HFI). Women are more vulnerable to HFI, which has been associated with nega...

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Main Authors: Aléxia Vieira de Abreu Rodrigues, Ana Lúcia Pires Augusto, Rosana Salles-Costa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2021-06-01
Series:BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03950-y
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spelling doaj-f2428ba875924f51b6561d9cc7d615572021-07-04T11:41:44ZengBMCBMC Pregnancy and Childbirth1471-23932021-06-0121111210.1186/s12884-021-03950-yInadequacy of gestational weight gain during high-risk pregnancies is not associated with household food insecurityAléxia Vieira de Abreu Rodrigues0Ana Lúcia Pires Augusto1Rosana Salles-Costa2Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroNutrition Faculty Emília de Jesus Ferreiro, Federal Fluminense UniversityInstitute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroAbstract Background Inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with adverse outcomes in maternal and child health and can be enhanced by social inequalities, such as lower education and household food insecurity (HFI). Women are more vulnerable to HFI, which has been associated with negative health effects for pregnant women during the prenatal and puerperal periods, particularly in regard to the aggravation of pregnancy risks. This study investigated the association between sociodemographic characteristics and HFI with respect to adequacy of total GWG among women with high-risk pregnancies. Methods This was a prospective cohort study that evaluated the total GWG of 169 pregnant women. The women were seen at a public university hospital in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Their sociodemographic and gestational characteristics and the Brazilian Scale of Domestic Food Insecurity were investigated. To estimate the total GWG, the difference between the patient weight at the last prenatal visit and the initial patient weight was verified, with both collected from the medical records of the pregnant women. The classification of the total GWG considered the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) (2009). A multinomial logistic regression model assessed the risk (odds ratio; OR) and confidence intervals (CI 95%)) of insufficient and excessive GWG with exposure to HFI and other covariates (p value <0.05). Results Insufficient and excessive GWG were observed in 27.8% and 47.9% of the pregnant women, respectively. More than half of the women (74.6%) had a high education level. Exposure to mild HFI occurred in 44.2% of the women. After adjustment, the HFI was not associated with insufficient or excessive GWG. The educational level of women was the only variable significantly associated with a lower risk of GWG insufficiency (OR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.01–0.89). Conclusions In this population, higher maternal education was a protective factor against insufficient GWG. We highlight the importance of additional health support and counseling for women in the most vulnerable social conditions, considering the importance of access to information for reducing health risks.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03950-yGestational weight gainPregnant womenFood and nutrition securitySocial determinants of health
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Aléxia Vieira de Abreu Rodrigues
Ana Lúcia Pires Augusto
Rosana Salles-Costa
spellingShingle Aléxia Vieira de Abreu Rodrigues
Ana Lúcia Pires Augusto
Rosana Salles-Costa
Inadequacy of gestational weight gain during high-risk pregnancies is not associated with household food insecurity
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Gestational weight gain
Pregnant women
Food and nutrition security
Social determinants of health
author_facet Aléxia Vieira de Abreu Rodrigues
Ana Lúcia Pires Augusto
Rosana Salles-Costa
author_sort Aléxia Vieira de Abreu Rodrigues
title Inadequacy of gestational weight gain during high-risk pregnancies is not associated with household food insecurity
title_short Inadequacy of gestational weight gain during high-risk pregnancies is not associated with household food insecurity
title_full Inadequacy of gestational weight gain during high-risk pregnancies is not associated with household food insecurity
title_fullStr Inadequacy of gestational weight gain during high-risk pregnancies is not associated with household food insecurity
title_full_unstemmed Inadequacy of gestational weight gain during high-risk pregnancies is not associated with household food insecurity
title_sort inadequacy of gestational weight gain during high-risk pregnancies is not associated with household food insecurity
publisher BMC
series BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
issn 1471-2393
publishDate 2021-06-01
description Abstract Background Inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with adverse outcomes in maternal and child health and can be enhanced by social inequalities, such as lower education and household food insecurity (HFI). Women are more vulnerable to HFI, which has been associated with negative health effects for pregnant women during the prenatal and puerperal periods, particularly in regard to the aggravation of pregnancy risks. This study investigated the association between sociodemographic characteristics and HFI with respect to adequacy of total GWG among women with high-risk pregnancies. Methods This was a prospective cohort study that evaluated the total GWG of 169 pregnant women. The women were seen at a public university hospital in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Their sociodemographic and gestational characteristics and the Brazilian Scale of Domestic Food Insecurity were investigated. To estimate the total GWG, the difference between the patient weight at the last prenatal visit and the initial patient weight was verified, with both collected from the medical records of the pregnant women. The classification of the total GWG considered the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) (2009). A multinomial logistic regression model assessed the risk (odds ratio; OR) and confidence intervals (CI 95%)) of insufficient and excessive GWG with exposure to HFI and other covariates (p value <0.05). Results Insufficient and excessive GWG were observed in 27.8% and 47.9% of the pregnant women, respectively. More than half of the women (74.6%) had a high education level. Exposure to mild HFI occurred in 44.2% of the women. After adjustment, the HFI was not associated with insufficient or excessive GWG. The educational level of women was the only variable significantly associated with a lower risk of GWG insufficiency (OR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.01–0.89). Conclusions In this population, higher maternal education was a protective factor against insufficient GWG. We highlight the importance of additional health support and counseling for women in the most vulnerable social conditions, considering the importance of access to information for reducing health risks.
topic Gestational weight gain
Pregnant women
Food and nutrition security
Social determinants of health
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03950-y
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