Interactions of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia with airway epithelial cells: a critical review
Aspergillus fumigatus is an environmental filamentous fungus which also acts as an opportunistic pathogen able to cause a variety of symptoms, from an allergic response to a life-threatening disseminated fungal infection. The infectious agents are inhaled conidia whose first point of contact is mos...
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doaj-f2626940a18244e7a3cbf4963749f3f22020-11-24T21:34:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2016-04-01710.3389/fmicb.2016.00472181318Interactions of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia with airway epithelial cells: a critical reviewCarys Anne Croft0Luka eCulibrk1Margo M Moore2Scott J Tebbutt3Scott J Tebbutt4Scott J Tebbutt5Centre For Heart Lung InnovationCentre For Heart Lung InnovationSimon Fraser UniversityCentre For Heart Lung InnovationPrevention of Organ Failure (PROOF) Centre of ExcellenceUniversity of British ColumbiaAspergillus fumigatus is an environmental filamentous fungus which also acts as an opportunistic pathogen able to cause a variety of symptoms, from an allergic response to a life-threatening disseminated fungal infection. The infectious agents are inhaled conidia whose first point of contact is most likely to be an airway epithelial cell. The interaction between epithelial cells and conidia is multifaceted and complex, and has implications for later steps in pathogenesis. Increasing evidence has demonstrated a key role for the airway epithelium in the response to respiratory pathogens, particularly at early stages of infection; therefore, elucidating the early stages of interaction of conidia with airway epithelial cells is essential to understand the establishment of infection in cohorts of at-risk patients. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the early interactions between A. fumigatus and airway epithelial cells, including bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells. We describe mechanisms of adhesion, internalization of conidia by airway epithelial cells, the immune response of airway epithelial cells, as well as the role of fungal virulence factors and patterns of fungal gene expression characteristic of early infection. A clear understanding of the mechanisms involved in the early establishment of infection by A. fumigatus could point to novel targets for therapy and prophylaxis.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00472/fullAspergillosisAspergillus fumigatusHost-Pathogen InteractionsImmunityVirulenceairway epithelial cell |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Carys Anne Croft Luka eCulibrk Margo M Moore Scott J Tebbutt Scott J Tebbutt Scott J Tebbutt |
spellingShingle |
Carys Anne Croft Luka eCulibrk Margo M Moore Scott J Tebbutt Scott J Tebbutt Scott J Tebbutt Interactions of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia with airway epithelial cells: a critical review Frontiers in Microbiology Aspergillosis Aspergillus fumigatus Host-Pathogen Interactions Immunity Virulence airway epithelial cell |
author_facet |
Carys Anne Croft Luka eCulibrk Margo M Moore Scott J Tebbutt Scott J Tebbutt Scott J Tebbutt |
author_sort |
Carys Anne Croft |
title |
Interactions of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia with airway epithelial cells: a critical review |
title_short |
Interactions of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia with airway epithelial cells: a critical review |
title_full |
Interactions of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia with airway epithelial cells: a critical review |
title_fullStr |
Interactions of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia with airway epithelial cells: a critical review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interactions of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia with airway epithelial cells: a critical review |
title_sort |
interactions of aspergillus fumigatus conidia with airway epithelial cells: a critical review |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
issn |
1664-302X |
publishDate |
2016-04-01 |
description |
Aspergillus fumigatus is an environmental filamentous fungus which also acts as an opportunistic pathogen able to cause a variety of symptoms, from an allergic response to a life-threatening disseminated fungal infection. The infectious agents are inhaled conidia whose first point of contact is most likely to be an airway epithelial cell. The interaction between epithelial cells and conidia is multifaceted and complex, and has implications for later steps in pathogenesis. Increasing evidence has demonstrated a key role for the airway epithelium in the response to respiratory pathogens, particularly at early stages of infection; therefore, elucidating the early stages of interaction of conidia with airway epithelial cells is essential to understand the establishment of infection in cohorts of at-risk patients. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the early interactions between A. fumigatus and airway epithelial cells, including bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells. We describe mechanisms of adhesion, internalization of conidia by airway epithelial cells, the immune response of airway epithelial cells, as well as the role of fungal virulence factors and patterns of fungal gene expression characteristic of early infection. A clear understanding of the mechanisms involved in the early establishment of infection by A. fumigatus could point to novel targets for therapy and prophylaxis. |
topic |
Aspergillosis Aspergillus fumigatus Host-Pathogen Interactions Immunity Virulence airway epithelial cell |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00472/full |
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