Longitudinal Association of Nut Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
Background and Aim: There are few pieces of evidence on the association between nut consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. This study investigated the relationship of nut consumption with the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in the Iranian po...
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doaj-f2f394dabcb243789e35750464830b612021-01-21T09:48:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2021-01-01710.3389/fnut.2020.610467610467Longitudinal Association of Nut Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern Mediterranean RegionNoushin Mohammadifard0Niloufar Ghaderian1Razieh Hassannejad2Firouzeh Sajjadi3Masoumeh Sadeghi4Hamidreza Roohafza5Jordi Salas-Salvadó6Jordi Salas-Salvadó7Nizal Sarrafzadegan8Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranInterventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranHypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranHeart Failure Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranCardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranIsfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, SpainCIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainFaculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaBackground and Aim: There are few pieces of evidence on the association between nut consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. This study investigated the relationship of nut consumption with the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in the Iranian population.Methods and Results: This population-based prospective cohort study was carried out in 6,504 randomly selected participants aged ≥35 years in central Iran (2001–2013) in the framework of the Isfahan Cohort Study. Dietary data were collected by a validated 48-item food frequency questionnaire. Subjects or their next of kin were interviewed biannually, looking for the possible occurrence of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. During the median follow-up of 135 months and 52,704.3 person-years, we found a total of 751 CVD events. In unadjusted model, participants in the highest quartile of nut intake had a lower CVD risk {hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.57(0.47–0.70); P for trend < 0.001}, CVD mortality [HR (95% CI): 0.54 (0.33–0.72); P for trend < 0.001], and all-cause mortality [HR (95% CI): 0.24 (0.14–0.42); P for trend < 0.001]. In the fully adjusted model, the association was diluted, and no significant relationship was found between nut intake and CVD events and all-cause mortality, except for CVD mortality in the highest quartile vs. the lowest one [HR (95% CI): 0.55 (0.30–0.98)].Conclusion: Nut intake had an inverse association with the risk of CVD mortality. It is suggested to perform studies to examine the association of individual types of nuts and different preparation methods on CVD risk and mortality.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2020.610467/fullnutcardiovascular diseasemyocardial infarctionstrokeischemic heart diseasechronic |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Noushin Mohammadifard Niloufar Ghaderian Razieh Hassannejad Firouzeh Sajjadi Masoumeh Sadeghi Hamidreza Roohafza Jordi Salas-Salvadó Jordi Salas-Salvadó Nizal Sarrafzadegan |
spellingShingle |
Noushin Mohammadifard Niloufar Ghaderian Razieh Hassannejad Firouzeh Sajjadi Masoumeh Sadeghi Hamidreza Roohafza Jordi Salas-Salvadó Jordi Salas-Salvadó Nizal Sarrafzadegan Longitudinal Association of Nut Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern Mediterranean Region Frontiers in Nutrition nut cardiovascular disease myocardial infarction stroke ischemic heart disease chronic |
author_facet |
Noushin Mohammadifard Niloufar Ghaderian Razieh Hassannejad Firouzeh Sajjadi Masoumeh Sadeghi Hamidreza Roohafza Jordi Salas-Salvadó Jordi Salas-Salvadó Nizal Sarrafzadegan |
author_sort |
Noushin Mohammadifard |
title |
Longitudinal Association of Nut Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern Mediterranean Region |
title_short |
Longitudinal Association of Nut Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern Mediterranean Region |
title_full |
Longitudinal Association of Nut Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern Mediterranean Region |
title_fullStr |
Longitudinal Association of Nut Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern Mediterranean Region |
title_full_unstemmed |
Longitudinal Association of Nut Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern Mediterranean Region |
title_sort |
longitudinal association of nut consumption and the risk of cardiovascular events: a prospective cohort study in the eastern mediterranean region |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Nutrition |
issn |
2296-861X |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Background and Aim: There are few pieces of evidence on the association between nut consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. This study investigated the relationship of nut consumption with the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in the Iranian population.Methods and Results: This population-based prospective cohort study was carried out in 6,504 randomly selected participants aged ≥35 years in central Iran (2001–2013) in the framework of the Isfahan Cohort Study. Dietary data were collected by a validated 48-item food frequency questionnaire. Subjects or their next of kin were interviewed biannually, looking for the possible occurrence of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. During the median follow-up of 135 months and 52,704.3 person-years, we found a total of 751 CVD events. In unadjusted model, participants in the highest quartile of nut intake had a lower CVD risk {hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.57(0.47–0.70); P for trend < 0.001}, CVD mortality [HR (95% CI): 0.54 (0.33–0.72); P for trend < 0.001], and all-cause mortality [HR (95% CI): 0.24 (0.14–0.42); P for trend < 0.001]. In the fully adjusted model, the association was diluted, and no significant relationship was found between nut intake and CVD events and all-cause mortality, except for CVD mortality in the highest quartile vs. the lowest one [HR (95% CI): 0.55 (0.30–0.98)].Conclusion: Nut intake had an inverse association with the risk of CVD mortality. It is suggested to perform studies to examine the association of individual types of nuts and different preparation methods on CVD risk and mortality. |
topic |
nut cardiovascular disease myocardial infarction stroke ischemic heart disease chronic |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2020.610467/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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