IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Immune-Mediated and Allergic Diseases
Several allergic and immunologic diseases including asthma, food allergy (FA), chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), atopic dermatitis (AD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Behçet’s disease (BD) are characterized by the i...
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doaj-f3562295db9a42d3bc45b74eeadbb0f02020-11-25T00:34:30ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672019-11-012023585610.3390/ijms20235856ijms20235856IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Immune-Mediated and Allergic DiseasesGiuseppe Murdaca0Monica Greco1Alessandro Tonacci2Simone Negrini3Matteo Borro4Francesco Puppo5Sebastiano Gangemi6Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, ItalyClinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, ItalyClinical Physiology Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, ItalyClinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, ItalyClinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, ItalyClinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, ItalySchool and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalySeveral allergic and immunologic diseases including asthma, food allergy (FA), chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), atopic dermatitis (AD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Behçet’s disease (BD) are characterized by the involvement of Th2 immunity. Several mediators lead to immunoglobulin (Ig)E production, thus including key cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Among them, IL-31 and IL-33 have been recently studied as novel biomarkers and future therapeutic targets for allergic and immunological disorders. IL-31 is a proinflammatory cytokine—it regulates cell proliferation and is involved in tissue remodeling. IL-33, acting through its receptor suppression of tumorigenity (ST2L), is an alarmin cytokine from the IL-1 family, whose expression is mediated by tissue damage. The latter has a pleiotropic effect, as it may modulate specific and innate immune cells functions. To date, several researchers have investigated the involvement of IL-31 and IL-33 in several allergic and immune-mediated diseases. Further studies are needed to understand the future applications of these molecules as novel therapeutic agents. This paper aims to give the readers a complete and updated review of IL-31 and IL-33 involvement among the most common autoimmune and allergic disorders.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/23/5856allergycytokineil-33il-31inflammationautoimmune disease |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Giuseppe Murdaca Monica Greco Alessandro Tonacci Simone Negrini Matteo Borro Francesco Puppo Sebastiano Gangemi |
spellingShingle |
Giuseppe Murdaca Monica Greco Alessandro Tonacci Simone Negrini Matteo Borro Francesco Puppo Sebastiano Gangemi IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Immune-Mediated and Allergic Diseases International Journal of Molecular Sciences allergy cytokine il-33 il-31 inflammation autoimmune disease |
author_facet |
Giuseppe Murdaca Monica Greco Alessandro Tonacci Simone Negrini Matteo Borro Francesco Puppo Sebastiano Gangemi |
author_sort |
Giuseppe Murdaca |
title |
IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Immune-Mediated and Allergic Diseases |
title_short |
IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Immune-Mediated and Allergic Diseases |
title_full |
IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Immune-Mediated and Allergic Diseases |
title_fullStr |
IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Immune-Mediated and Allergic Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed |
IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Immune-Mediated and Allergic Diseases |
title_sort |
il-33/il-31 axis in immune-mediated and allergic diseases |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2019-11-01 |
description |
Several allergic and immunologic diseases including asthma, food allergy (FA), chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), atopic dermatitis (AD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Behçet’s disease (BD) are characterized by the involvement of Th2 immunity. Several mediators lead to immunoglobulin (Ig)E production, thus including key cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Among them, IL-31 and IL-33 have been recently studied as novel biomarkers and future therapeutic targets for allergic and immunological disorders. IL-31 is a proinflammatory cytokine—it regulates cell proliferation and is involved in tissue remodeling. IL-33, acting through its receptor suppression of tumorigenity (ST2L), is an alarmin cytokine from the IL-1 family, whose expression is mediated by tissue damage. The latter has a pleiotropic effect, as it may modulate specific and innate immune cells functions. To date, several researchers have investigated the involvement of IL-31 and IL-33 in several allergic and immune-mediated diseases. Further studies are needed to understand the future applications of these molecules as novel therapeutic agents. This paper aims to give the readers a complete and updated review of IL-31 and IL-33 involvement among the most common autoimmune and allergic disorders. |
topic |
allergy cytokine il-33 il-31 inflammation autoimmune disease |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/23/5856 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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