In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial activity of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles against fish pathogens
Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance is a global issue that threatens public health. The excessive use of antibiotics contributes to this problem as the genes of antibiotic resistance can be transferred between the bacteria in humans, animals and aquatic organisms. Metallic nanoparticles could...
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doaj-f384697968884d539c289df0db8cf29f2020-11-25T00:49:51ZengBMCActa Veterinaria Scandinavica1751-01472017-07-0159111110.1186/s13028-017-0317-9In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial activity of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles against fish pathogensMohamed Ibrahim Shaalan0Magdy Mohamed El-Mahdy1Sarah Theiner2Mansour El-Matbouli3Mona Saleh4Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary MedicineDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityInstitute of Analytical Chemistry, University of ViennaClinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary MedicineClinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary MedicineAbstract Background Antibiotic resistance is a global issue that threatens public health. The excessive use of antibiotics contributes to this problem as the genes of antibiotic resistance can be transferred between the bacteria in humans, animals and aquatic organisms. Metallic nanoparticles could serve as future substitutes for some conventional antibiotics because of their antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles against major fish pathogens and assess their safety in vitro. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction and characterized with UV–Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and zeta sizer. The concentrations of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Subsequently, silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles were tested for their antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, Edwardsiella ictaluri, Edwardsiella tarda, Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis, Yersinia ruckeri and Aphanomyces invadans and the minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined. MTT assay was performed on eel kidney cell line (EK-1) to determine the cell viability after incubation with nanoparticles. The interaction between silver nanoparticles and A. salmonicida was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Results The tested nanoparticles exhibited marked antimicrobial activity. Silver nanoparticles inhibited the growth of both A. salmonicida and A. invadans at a concentration of 17 µg/mL. Zinc oxide nanoparticles inhibited the growth of A. salmonicida, Y. ruckeri and A. invadans at concentrations of 15.75, 31.5 and 3.15 µg/mL respectively. Silver nanoparticles showed higher cell viability when compared to zinc oxide nanoparticles in the MTT assay. Transmission electron microscopy showed the attachment of silver nanoparticles to the bacterial membrane and disruption of its integrity. Conclusions This is the first study on inhibitory effects of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles towards A. salmonicida and A. invadans. Moreover, zinc oxide nanoparticles inhibited the growth of Y. ruckeri. In low concentrations, silver nanoparticles were less cytotoxic than zinc oxide nanoparticles and represent an alternative antimicrobial compound against A. hydrophila, A. salmonicida and A. invadans.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13028-017-0317-9AntibacterialAntifungalFish diseasesSilver nanoparticlesZinc oxide nanoparticles |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mohamed Ibrahim Shaalan Magdy Mohamed El-Mahdy Sarah Theiner Mansour El-Matbouli Mona Saleh |
spellingShingle |
Mohamed Ibrahim Shaalan Magdy Mohamed El-Mahdy Sarah Theiner Mansour El-Matbouli Mona Saleh In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial activity of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles against fish pathogens Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica Antibacterial Antifungal Fish diseases Silver nanoparticles Zinc oxide nanoparticles |
author_facet |
Mohamed Ibrahim Shaalan Magdy Mohamed El-Mahdy Sarah Theiner Mansour El-Matbouli Mona Saleh |
author_sort |
Mohamed Ibrahim Shaalan |
title |
In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial activity of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles against fish pathogens |
title_short |
In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial activity of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles against fish pathogens |
title_full |
In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial activity of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles against fish pathogens |
title_fullStr |
In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial activity of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles against fish pathogens |
title_full_unstemmed |
In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial activity of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles against fish pathogens |
title_sort |
in vitro assessment of the antimicrobial activity of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles against fish pathogens |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica |
issn |
1751-0147 |
publishDate |
2017-07-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance is a global issue that threatens public health. The excessive use of antibiotics contributes to this problem as the genes of antibiotic resistance can be transferred between the bacteria in humans, animals and aquatic organisms. Metallic nanoparticles could serve as future substitutes for some conventional antibiotics because of their antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles against major fish pathogens and assess their safety in vitro. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction and characterized with UV–Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and zeta sizer. The concentrations of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Subsequently, silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles were tested for their antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, Edwardsiella ictaluri, Edwardsiella tarda, Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis, Yersinia ruckeri and Aphanomyces invadans and the minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined. MTT assay was performed on eel kidney cell line (EK-1) to determine the cell viability after incubation with nanoparticles. The interaction between silver nanoparticles and A. salmonicida was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Results The tested nanoparticles exhibited marked antimicrobial activity. Silver nanoparticles inhibited the growth of both A. salmonicida and A. invadans at a concentration of 17 µg/mL. Zinc oxide nanoparticles inhibited the growth of A. salmonicida, Y. ruckeri and A. invadans at concentrations of 15.75, 31.5 and 3.15 µg/mL respectively. Silver nanoparticles showed higher cell viability when compared to zinc oxide nanoparticles in the MTT assay. Transmission electron microscopy showed the attachment of silver nanoparticles to the bacterial membrane and disruption of its integrity. Conclusions This is the first study on inhibitory effects of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles towards A. salmonicida and A. invadans. Moreover, zinc oxide nanoparticles inhibited the growth of Y. ruckeri. In low concentrations, silver nanoparticles were less cytotoxic than zinc oxide nanoparticles and represent an alternative antimicrobial compound against A. hydrophila, A. salmonicida and A. invadans. |
topic |
Antibacterial Antifungal Fish diseases Silver nanoparticles Zinc oxide nanoparticles |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13028-017-0317-9 |
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