Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants
Abstract The relationship between intake of saturated fats and subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as the possible influence of genetic variants, is poorly understood and investigated. We aimed to investigate this relationship, with a hypothesis that it would be positive, and to explore whether gen...
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2021-04-01
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doaj-f3f5dc8b400f4744baf4228a463909da2021-04-18T11:33:26ZengNature Publishing GroupScientific Reports2045-23222021-04-011111910.1038/s41598-021-86324-wIntake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variantsFederica Laguzzi0Buamina Maitusong1Rona J. Strawbridge2Damiano Baldassarre3Fabrizio Veglia4Steve E. Humphries5Rainer Rauramaa6Sudhir Kurl7Andries J. Smit8Philippe Giral9Angela Silveira10Elena Tremoli11Anders Hamsten12Ulf de Faire13Bruna Gigante14Karin Leander15IMPROVE Study groupUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetInstitute of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of GlasgowDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di MilanoCentro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCSCentre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute Cardiovascular Science, University College LondonFoundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise MedicineInstitute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern FinlandDepartment of Medicine, University Medical Center GroningenAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service Endocrinologie-Métabolisme, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, Unités de Prévention CardiovasculaireCardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska HospitalCentro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCSCardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska HospitalUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetCardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska InstitutetUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetAbstract The relationship between intake of saturated fats and subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as the possible influence of genetic variants, is poorly understood and investigated. We aimed to investigate this relationship, with a hypothesis that it would be positive, and to explore whether genetics may modulate it, using data from a European cohort including 3,407 participants aged 54–79 at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT), measured at baseline and after 30 months. Logistic regression (OR; 95% CI) was employed to assess the association between high intake of food rich in saturated fat (vs. low) and: (1) the mean and the maximum values of C-IMT in the whole carotid artery (C-IMTmean, C-IMTmax), in the bifurcation (Bif-), the common (CC-) and internal (ICA-) carotid arteries at baseline (binary, cut-point ≥ 75th), and (2) C-IMT progression (binary, cut-point > zero). For the genetic-diet interaction analyses, we considered 100,350 genetic variants. We defined interaction as departure from additivity of effects. After age- and sex-adjustment, high intake of saturated fat was associated with increased C-IMTmean (OR:1.27;1.06–1.47), CC-IMTmean (OR:1.22;1.04–1.44) and ICA-IMTmean (OR:1.26;1.07–1.48). However, in multivariate analysis results were no longer significant. No clear associations were observed between high intake of saturated fat and risk of atherosclerotic progression. There was no evidence of interactions between high intake of saturated fat and any of the genetic variants considered, after multiple testing corrections. High intake of saturated fats was not independently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Moreover, we did not identify any significant genetic-dietary fat interactions in relation to risk of subclinical atherosclerosis.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86324-w |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Federica Laguzzi Buamina Maitusong Rona J. Strawbridge Damiano Baldassarre Fabrizio Veglia Steve E. Humphries Rainer Rauramaa Sudhir Kurl Andries J. Smit Philippe Giral Angela Silveira Elena Tremoli Anders Hamsten Ulf de Faire Bruna Gigante Karin Leander IMPROVE Study group |
spellingShingle |
Federica Laguzzi Buamina Maitusong Rona J. Strawbridge Damiano Baldassarre Fabrizio Veglia Steve E. Humphries Rainer Rauramaa Sudhir Kurl Andries J. Smit Philippe Giral Angela Silveira Elena Tremoli Anders Hamsten Ulf de Faire Bruna Gigante Karin Leander IMPROVE Study group Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants Scientific Reports |
author_facet |
Federica Laguzzi Buamina Maitusong Rona J. Strawbridge Damiano Baldassarre Fabrizio Veglia Steve E. Humphries Rainer Rauramaa Sudhir Kurl Andries J. Smit Philippe Giral Angela Silveira Elena Tremoli Anders Hamsten Ulf de Faire Bruna Gigante Karin Leander IMPROVE Study group |
author_sort |
Federica Laguzzi |
title |
Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants |
title_short |
Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants |
title_full |
Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants |
title_fullStr |
Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants |
title_full_unstemmed |
Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants |
title_sort |
intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
series |
Scientific Reports |
issn |
2045-2322 |
publishDate |
2021-04-01 |
description |
Abstract The relationship between intake of saturated fats and subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as the possible influence of genetic variants, is poorly understood and investigated. We aimed to investigate this relationship, with a hypothesis that it would be positive, and to explore whether genetics may modulate it, using data from a European cohort including 3,407 participants aged 54–79 at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT), measured at baseline and after 30 months. Logistic regression (OR; 95% CI) was employed to assess the association between high intake of food rich in saturated fat (vs. low) and: (1) the mean and the maximum values of C-IMT in the whole carotid artery (C-IMTmean, C-IMTmax), in the bifurcation (Bif-), the common (CC-) and internal (ICA-) carotid arteries at baseline (binary, cut-point ≥ 75th), and (2) C-IMT progression (binary, cut-point > zero). For the genetic-diet interaction analyses, we considered 100,350 genetic variants. We defined interaction as departure from additivity of effects. After age- and sex-adjustment, high intake of saturated fat was associated with increased C-IMTmean (OR:1.27;1.06–1.47), CC-IMTmean (OR:1.22;1.04–1.44) and ICA-IMTmean (OR:1.26;1.07–1.48). However, in multivariate analysis results were no longer significant. No clear associations were observed between high intake of saturated fat and risk of atherosclerotic progression. There was no evidence of interactions between high intake of saturated fat and any of the genetic variants considered, after multiple testing corrections. High intake of saturated fats was not independently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Moreover, we did not identify any significant genetic-dietary fat interactions in relation to risk of subclinical atherosclerosis. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86324-w |
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