Rodent animal models of delayed bone healing and non-union formation: a comprehensive review
Despite the growing knowledge on the mechanisms of fracture healing, delayed healing and non-union formation remain a major clinical challenge. Animal models are needed to study the complex process of normal and impaired fracture healing and to develop new therapeutic strategies. Whereas in the past...
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AO Research Institute Davos
2013-07-01
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Online Access: | http://www.ecmjournal.org/journal/papers/vol026/pdf/v026a01.pdf |
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doaj-f3ff62d618a14afd88db4870379a956a2020-11-25T01:13:01Zeng AO Research Institute DavosEuropean Cells & Materials1473-22622013-07-0126114Rodent animal models of delayed bone healing and non-union formation: a comprehensive reviewP GarciaT HistingJH HolsteinM KleinMW LaschkeR MatthysA IgnatiusB WildemannJ LienauA PetersB WillieG DudaL ClaesT PohlemannMD MengerDespite the growing knowledge on the mechanisms of fracture healing, delayed healing and non-union formation remain a major clinical challenge. Animal models are needed to study the complex process of normal and impaired fracture healing and to develop new therapeutic strategies. Whereas in the past mainly large animals have been used to study normal and impaired fracture healing, nowadays rodent models are of increasing interest. New osteosynthesis techniques for rat and mice have been developed during the last years, which allowed for the first time stable osteosynthesis in these animals comparable to the standards in large animals and humans. Based on these new implants, different models in rat and mice have been established to study delayed healing and non-union formation. Although in humans the terms delayed union and non-union are well defined, in rodents definitions are lacking. However, especially in scientific studies clear definitions are necessary to develop a uniform scientific language and allow comparison of the results between different studies. In this consensus report, we define the basic terms “union”, “delayed healing” and “non-union” in rodent animal models. Based on a review of the literature and our own experience, we further provide an overview on available models of delayed healing and non-union formation in rats and mice. We further summarise the value of different approaches to study normal and delayed fracture healing as well as non-union formation, and discuss different methods of data evaluation.http://www.ecmjournal.org/journal/papers/vol026/pdf/v026a01.pdfFracture healingbone healingrodentsmiceratsunionnon-uniondelayed healingcritical size defect |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
P Garcia T Histing JH Holstein M Klein MW Laschke R Matthys A Ignatius B Wildemann J Lienau A Peters B Willie G Duda L Claes T Pohlemann MD Menger |
spellingShingle |
P Garcia T Histing JH Holstein M Klein MW Laschke R Matthys A Ignatius B Wildemann J Lienau A Peters B Willie G Duda L Claes T Pohlemann MD Menger Rodent animal models of delayed bone healing and non-union formation: a comprehensive review European Cells & Materials Fracture healing bone healing rodents mice rats union non-union delayed healing critical size defect |
author_facet |
P Garcia T Histing JH Holstein M Klein MW Laschke R Matthys A Ignatius B Wildemann J Lienau A Peters B Willie G Duda L Claes T Pohlemann MD Menger |
author_sort |
P Garcia |
title |
Rodent animal models of delayed bone healing and non-union formation: a comprehensive review |
title_short |
Rodent animal models of delayed bone healing and non-union formation: a comprehensive review |
title_full |
Rodent animal models of delayed bone healing and non-union formation: a comprehensive review |
title_fullStr |
Rodent animal models of delayed bone healing and non-union formation: a comprehensive review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rodent animal models of delayed bone healing and non-union formation: a comprehensive review |
title_sort |
rodent animal models of delayed bone healing and non-union formation: a comprehensive review |
publisher |
AO Research Institute Davos |
series |
European Cells & Materials |
issn |
1473-2262 |
publishDate |
2013-07-01 |
description |
Despite the growing knowledge on the mechanisms of fracture healing, delayed healing and non-union formation remain a major clinical challenge. Animal models are needed to study the complex process of normal and impaired fracture healing and to develop new therapeutic strategies. Whereas in the past mainly large animals have been used to study normal and impaired fracture healing, nowadays rodent models are of increasing interest. New osteosynthesis techniques for rat and mice have been developed during the last years, which allowed for the first time stable osteosynthesis in these animals comparable to the standards in large animals and humans. Based on these new implants, different models in rat and mice have been established to study delayed healing and non-union formation. Although in humans the terms delayed union and non-union are well defined, in rodents definitions are lacking. However, especially in scientific studies clear definitions are necessary to develop a uniform scientific language and allow comparison of the results between different studies. In this consensus report, we define the basic terms “union”, “delayed healing” and “non-union” in rodent animal models. Based on a review of the literature and our own experience, we further provide an overview on available models of delayed healing and non-union formation in rats and mice. We further summarise the value of different approaches to study normal and delayed fracture healing as well as non-union formation, and discuss different methods of data evaluation. |
topic |
Fracture healing bone healing rodents mice rats union non-union delayed healing critical size defect |
url |
http://www.ecmjournal.org/journal/papers/vol026/pdf/v026a01.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
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