Copper Ions and Parkinson’s Disease: Why Is Homeostasis So Relevant?
The involvement of copper in numerous physiological processes makes this metal ion essential for human life. Alterations in copper homeostasis might have deleterious consequences, and several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), have been associated with impaire...
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doaj-f406dec5741941ada3ce378590a400ef2020-11-25T02:17:31ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2020-01-0110219510.3390/biom10020195biom10020195Copper Ions and Parkinson’s Disease: Why Is Homeostasis So Relevant?Marco Bisaglia0Luigi Bubacco1Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, ItalyMolecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, ItalyThe involvement of copper in numerous physiological processes makes this metal ion essential for human life. Alterations in copper homeostasis might have deleterious consequences, and several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), have been associated with impaired copper levels. In the present review, we describe the molecular mechanisms through which copper can exert its toxicity, by considering how it can interfere with other cellular processes known to play a role in PD, such as dopamine metabolism, oxidative stress, and α-synuclein aggregation. The recent experimental evidence that associates copper deficiency and the formation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) aggregates with the progression of PD is also discussed together with its therapeutic implication. Overall, the recent discoveries described in this review show how either copper deficiency or excessive levels can promote detrimental effects, highlighting the importance of preserving copper homeostasis and opening unexplored therapeutic avenues in the definition of novel disease-modifying drugs.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/2/195copperdopamineparkinson’s diseaseα-synucleinsod1 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marco Bisaglia Luigi Bubacco |
spellingShingle |
Marco Bisaglia Luigi Bubacco Copper Ions and Parkinson’s Disease: Why Is Homeostasis So Relevant? Biomolecules copper dopamine parkinson’s disease α-synuclein sod1 |
author_facet |
Marco Bisaglia Luigi Bubacco |
author_sort |
Marco Bisaglia |
title |
Copper Ions and Parkinson’s Disease: Why Is Homeostasis So Relevant? |
title_short |
Copper Ions and Parkinson’s Disease: Why Is Homeostasis So Relevant? |
title_full |
Copper Ions and Parkinson’s Disease: Why Is Homeostasis So Relevant? |
title_fullStr |
Copper Ions and Parkinson’s Disease: Why Is Homeostasis So Relevant? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Copper Ions and Parkinson’s Disease: Why Is Homeostasis So Relevant? |
title_sort |
copper ions and parkinson’s disease: why is homeostasis so relevant? |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Biomolecules |
issn |
2218-273X |
publishDate |
2020-01-01 |
description |
The involvement of copper in numerous physiological processes makes this metal ion essential for human life. Alterations in copper homeostasis might have deleterious consequences, and several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), have been associated with impaired copper levels. In the present review, we describe the molecular mechanisms through which copper can exert its toxicity, by considering how it can interfere with other cellular processes known to play a role in PD, such as dopamine metabolism, oxidative stress, and α-synuclein aggregation. The recent experimental evidence that associates copper deficiency and the formation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) aggregates with the progression of PD is also discussed together with its therapeutic implication. Overall, the recent discoveries described in this review show how either copper deficiency or excessive levels can promote detrimental effects, highlighting the importance of preserving copper homeostasis and opening unexplored therapeutic avenues in the definition of novel disease-modifying drugs. |
topic |
copper dopamine parkinson’s disease α-synuclein sod1 |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/2/195 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT marcobisaglia copperionsandparkinsonsdiseasewhyishomeostasissorelevant AT luigibubacco copperionsandparkinsonsdiseasewhyishomeostasissorelevant |
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