Self-Organized Nanostructure Modified Microelectrode for Sensitive Electrochemical Glutamate Detection in Stem Cells-Derived Brain Organoids
Neurons release neurotransmitters such as glutamate to communicate with each other and to coordinate brain functioning. As increased glutamate release is indicative of neuronal maturation and activity, a system that can measure glutamate levels over time within the same tissue and/or culture system...
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2018-02-01
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doaj-f431aa4adc34473facb4be5a68e072032020-11-24T20:52:10ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742018-02-01811410.3390/bios8010014bios8010014Self-Organized Nanostructure Modified Microelectrode for Sensitive Electrochemical Glutamate Detection in Stem Cells-Derived Brain OrganoidsBabak Nasr0Rachael Chatterton1Jason Hsien Ming Yong2Pegah Jamshidi3Giovanna Marisa D’Abaco4Andrew Robin Bjorksten5Omid Kavehei6Gursharan Chana7Mirella Dottori8Efstratios Skafidas9Centre for Neural Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, AustraliaCentre for Neural Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, AustraliaCentre for Neural Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, AustraliaCentre for Neural Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, AustraliaThe Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, AustraliaThe Department of Anaesthesia & Pain Management, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, AustraliaFaculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaCentre for Neural Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, AustraliaCentre for Neural Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, AustraliaCentre for Neural Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, AustraliaNeurons release neurotransmitters such as glutamate to communicate with each other and to coordinate brain functioning. As increased glutamate release is indicative of neuronal maturation and activity, a system that can measure glutamate levels over time within the same tissue and/or culture system is highly advantageous for neurodevelopmental investigation. To address such challenges, we develop for the first time a convenient method to realize functionalized borosilicate glass capillaries with nanostructured texture as an electrochemical biosensor to detect glutamate release from cerebral organoids generated from human embryonic stem cells (hESC) that mimic various brain regions. The biosensor shows a clear catalytic activity toward the oxidation of glutamate with a sensitivity of 93 ± 9.5 nA·µM−1·cm−2. It was found that the enzyme-modified microelectrodes can detect glutamate in a wide linear range from 5 µM to 0.5 mM with a limit of detection (LOD) down to 5.6 ± 0.2 µM. Measurements were performed within the organoids at different time points and consistent results were obtained. This data demonstrates the reliability of the biosensor as well as its usefulness in measuring glutamate levels across time within the same culture system.http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/8/1/14microelectrodeselectrochemical biosensorsamperometryglutamatehuman embryonic stem cellsorganoids |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Babak Nasr Rachael Chatterton Jason Hsien Ming Yong Pegah Jamshidi Giovanna Marisa D’Abaco Andrew Robin Bjorksten Omid Kavehei Gursharan Chana Mirella Dottori Efstratios Skafidas |
spellingShingle |
Babak Nasr Rachael Chatterton Jason Hsien Ming Yong Pegah Jamshidi Giovanna Marisa D’Abaco Andrew Robin Bjorksten Omid Kavehei Gursharan Chana Mirella Dottori Efstratios Skafidas Self-Organized Nanostructure Modified Microelectrode for Sensitive Electrochemical Glutamate Detection in Stem Cells-Derived Brain Organoids Biosensors microelectrodes electrochemical biosensors amperometry glutamate human embryonic stem cells organoids |
author_facet |
Babak Nasr Rachael Chatterton Jason Hsien Ming Yong Pegah Jamshidi Giovanna Marisa D’Abaco Andrew Robin Bjorksten Omid Kavehei Gursharan Chana Mirella Dottori Efstratios Skafidas |
author_sort |
Babak Nasr |
title |
Self-Organized Nanostructure Modified Microelectrode for Sensitive Electrochemical Glutamate Detection in Stem Cells-Derived Brain Organoids |
title_short |
Self-Organized Nanostructure Modified Microelectrode for Sensitive Electrochemical Glutamate Detection in Stem Cells-Derived Brain Organoids |
title_full |
Self-Organized Nanostructure Modified Microelectrode for Sensitive Electrochemical Glutamate Detection in Stem Cells-Derived Brain Organoids |
title_fullStr |
Self-Organized Nanostructure Modified Microelectrode for Sensitive Electrochemical Glutamate Detection in Stem Cells-Derived Brain Organoids |
title_full_unstemmed |
Self-Organized Nanostructure Modified Microelectrode for Sensitive Electrochemical Glutamate Detection in Stem Cells-Derived Brain Organoids |
title_sort |
self-organized nanostructure modified microelectrode for sensitive electrochemical glutamate detection in stem cells-derived brain organoids |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Biosensors |
issn |
2079-6374 |
publishDate |
2018-02-01 |
description |
Neurons release neurotransmitters such as glutamate to communicate with each other and to coordinate brain functioning. As increased glutamate release is indicative of neuronal maturation and activity, a system that can measure glutamate levels over time within the same tissue and/or culture system is highly advantageous for neurodevelopmental investigation. To address such challenges, we develop for the first time a convenient method to realize functionalized borosilicate glass capillaries with nanostructured texture as an electrochemical biosensor to detect glutamate release from cerebral organoids generated from human embryonic stem cells (hESC) that mimic various brain regions. The biosensor shows a clear catalytic activity toward the oxidation of glutamate with a sensitivity of 93 ± 9.5 nA·µM−1·cm−2. It was found that the enzyme-modified microelectrodes can detect glutamate in a wide linear range from 5 µM to 0.5 mM with a limit of detection (LOD) down to 5.6 ± 0.2 µM. Measurements were performed within the organoids at different time points and consistent results were obtained. This data demonstrates the reliability of the biosensor as well as its usefulness in measuring glutamate levels across time within the same culture system. |
topic |
microelectrodes electrochemical biosensors amperometry glutamate human embryonic stem cells organoids |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/8/1/14 |
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