Bacterial Communities in Boreal Forest Mushrooms Are Shaped Both by Soil Parameters and Host Identity
Despite recent advances in understanding the microbiome of eukaryotes, little is known about microbial communities in fungi. Here we investigate the structure of bacterial communities in mushrooms, including common edible ones, with respect to biotic and abiotic factors in the boreal forest. Using a...
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doaj-f561d47e30994b35b17dc482125c21602020-11-24T22:02:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2017-05-01810.3389/fmicb.2017.00836251724Bacterial Communities in Boreal Forest Mushrooms Are Shaped Both by Soil Parameters and Host IdentityMari Pent0Kadri Põldmaa1Mohammad Bahram2Mohammad Bahram3Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of TartuTartu, EstoniaDepartment of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of TartuTartu, EstoniaDepartment of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of TartuTartu, EstoniaDepartment of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala UniversityUppsala, SwedenDespite recent advances in understanding the microbiome of eukaryotes, little is known about microbial communities in fungi. Here we investigate the structure of bacterial communities in mushrooms, including common edible ones, with respect to biotic and abiotic factors in the boreal forest. Using a combination of culture-based and Illumina high-throughput sequencing, we characterized the bacterial communities in fruitbodies of fungi from eight genera spanning four orders of the class Agaricomycetes (Basidiomycota). Our results revealed that soil pH followed by fungal identity are the main determinants of the structure of bacterial communities in mushrooms. While almost half of fruitbody bacteria were also detected from soil, the abundance of several bacterial taxa differed considerably between the two environments. The effect of host identity was significant at the fungal genus and order level and could to some extent be ascribed to the distinct bacterial community of the chanterelle, representing Cantharellales—the earliest diverged group of mushroom-forming basidiomycetes. These data suggest that besides the substantial contribution of soil as a major taxa source of bacterial communities in mushrooms, the structure of these communities is also affected by the identity of the host. Thus, bacteria inhabiting fungal fruitbodies may be non-randomly selected from environment based on their symbiotic functions and/or habitat requirements.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00836/fullAgaricalesBoletalesectomycorrhizal fungifood microbiomemicrobial interactionsProteobacteria |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mari Pent Kadri Põldmaa Mohammad Bahram Mohammad Bahram |
spellingShingle |
Mari Pent Kadri Põldmaa Mohammad Bahram Mohammad Bahram Bacterial Communities in Boreal Forest Mushrooms Are Shaped Both by Soil Parameters and Host Identity Frontiers in Microbiology Agaricales Boletales ectomycorrhizal fungi food microbiome microbial interactions Proteobacteria |
author_facet |
Mari Pent Kadri Põldmaa Mohammad Bahram Mohammad Bahram |
author_sort |
Mari Pent |
title |
Bacterial Communities in Boreal Forest Mushrooms Are Shaped Both by Soil Parameters and Host Identity |
title_short |
Bacterial Communities in Boreal Forest Mushrooms Are Shaped Both by Soil Parameters and Host Identity |
title_full |
Bacterial Communities in Boreal Forest Mushrooms Are Shaped Both by Soil Parameters and Host Identity |
title_fullStr |
Bacterial Communities in Boreal Forest Mushrooms Are Shaped Both by Soil Parameters and Host Identity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bacterial Communities in Boreal Forest Mushrooms Are Shaped Both by Soil Parameters and Host Identity |
title_sort |
bacterial communities in boreal forest mushrooms are shaped both by soil parameters and host identity |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
issn |
1664-302X |
publishDate |
2017-05-01 |
description |
Despite recent advances in understanding the microbiome of eukaryotes, little is known about microbial communities in fungi. Here we investigate the structure of bacterial communities in mushrooms, including common edible ones, with respect to biotic and abiotic factors in the boreal forest. Using a combination of culture-based and Illumina high-throughput sequencing, we characterized the bacterial communities in fruitbodies of fungi from eight genera spanning four orders of the class Agaricomycetes (Basidiomycota). Our results revealed that soil pH followed by fungal identity are the main determinants of the structure of bacterial communities in mushrooms. While almost half of fruitbody bacteria were also detected from soil, the abundance of several bacterial taxa differed considerably between the two environments. The effect of host identity was significant at the fungal genus and order level and could to some extent be ascribed to the distinct bacterial community of the chanterelle, representing Cantharellales—the earliest diverged group of mushroom-forming basidiomycetes. These data suggest that besides the substantial contribution of soil as a major taxa source of bacterial communities in mushrooms, the structure of these communities is also affected by the identity of the host. Thus, bacteria inhabiting fungal fruitbodies may be non-randomly selected from environment based on their symbiotic functions and/or habitat requirements. |
topic |
Agaricales Boletales ectomycorrhizal fungi food microbiome microbial interactions Proteobacteria |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00836/full |
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