"The Communist Manifesto" and the Lure of Scientific Socialism

• Main Author: Pedro Schwartz
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Universidad Complutense de Madrid 2018-12-01
• Series: Iberian Journal of the History of Economic Thought
• Subjects: Marx; Socialismo científico; sistemas económicos; Manifiesto Comunista
• Online Access: http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/IJHE/article/view/62428

The Communist Manifesto (1848) was an explosive pamphlet written by Karl Marx with the help of Friedrich Engels, where he predicted the inevitable of downfall of capitalism and the coming dawn of communism. The seduction of this powerful piece of rhetoric lay in the combination of three elements: the assertion that its arguments were scientific, the tone of moral indignation, and the rousing call to arms for a social revolution. Of course, he failed in his prediction of the immiseration of the working classes, and the inevitable march of the free market towards all-embracing monopoly. But the mistakes with the crueller outcomes were another two: that capitalist growth was based on the primitive accumulation of value extracted from the working class; and that scientific and technical progress was not brought about by free competition but was an automatic result of material conditions. Here were implicit an excuse for oppression and a hatred of individual freedom