Modulation of Cell Death by M. tuberculosis as a Strategy for Pathogen Survival
It has been clearly demonstrated that in vitro, virulent M. tuberculosis can favor necrosis over apoptosis in infected macrophages, and this has been suggested as a mechanism for evading the host immune response. We recently reported that an effect consistent with this hypothesis could be observed i...
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doaj-f59835c3fb28470e9be01361f98c1f282020-11-24T23:46:19ZengHindawi LimitedClinical and Developmental Immunology1740-25221740-25302011-01-01201110.1155/2011/678570678570Modulation of Cell Death by M. tuberculosis as a Strategy for Pathogen SurvivalMarkos Abebe0Louise Kim1Graham Rook2Abraham Aseffa3Liya Wassie4Martha Zewdie5Alimuddin Zumla6Howard Engers7Peter Andersen8T. Mark Doherty9Armauer Hansen Research Institute, P.O. Box 1005, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaThe Centre for Infectious Diseases and International Health, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London WC1T 4JF, UKThe Centre for Infectious Diseases and International Health, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London WC1T 4JF, UKArmauer Hansen Research Institute, P.O. Box 1005, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaArmauer Hansen Research Institute, P.O. Box 1005, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaArmauer Hansen Research Institute, P.O. Box 1005, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaThe Centre for Infectious Diseases and International Health, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London WC1T 4JF, UKArmauer Hansen Research Institute, P.O. Box 1005, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaDepartment of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institute, Artillerivej 5, København S, 2300 Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institute, Artillerivej 5, København S, 2300 Copenhagen, DenmarkIt has been clearly demonstrated that in vitro, virulent M. tuberculosis can favor necrosis over apoptosis in infected macrophages, and this has been suggested as a mechanism for evading the host immune response. We recently reported that an effect consistent with this hypothesis could be observed in cells from the blood of TB patients, and in this paper, we review what is known about evasion strategies employed by M. tuberculosis and in particular consider the possible interaction of the apoptosis-inhibiting effects of M. tuberculosis infection with another factor (IL-4) whose expression is thought to play a role in the failure to control M. tuberculosis infection. It has been noted that IL-4 may exacerbate TNF-α-induced pathology, though the mechanism remains unexplained. Since pathology in TB typically involves inflammatory aggregates around infected cells, where TNF-α plays an important role, we predicted that IL-4 would inhibit the ability of cells to remove M. tuberculosis by apoptosis of infected cells, through the extrinsic pathway, which is activated by TNF-α. Infection of human monocytic cells with mycobacteria in vitro, in the presence of IL-4, appears to promote necrosis over apoptosis in infected cells—a finding consistent with its suggested role as a factor in pathology during M. tuberculosis infection.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/678570 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Markos Abebe Louise Kim Graham Rook Abraham Aseffa Liya Wassie Martha Zewdie Alimuddin Zumla Howard Engers Peter Andersen T. Mark Doherty |
spellingShingle |
Markos Abebe Louise Kim Graham Rook Abraham Aseffa Liya Wassie Martha Zewdie Alimuddin Zumla Howard Engers Peter Andersen T. Mark Doherty Modulation of Cell Death by M. tuberculosis as a Strategy for Pathogen Survival Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
author_facet |
Markos Abebe Louise Kim Graham Rook Abraham Aseffa Liya Wassie Martha Zewdie Alimuddin Zumla Howard Engers Peter Andersen T. Mark Doherty |
author_sort |
Markos Abebe |
title |
Modulation of Cell Death by M. tuberculosis as a Strategy for Pathogen Survival |
title_short |
Modulation of Cell Death by M. tuberculosis as a Strategy for Pathogen Survival |
title_full |
Modulation of Cell Death by M. tuberculosis as a Strategy for Pathogen Survival |
title_fullStr |
Modulation of Cell Death by M. tuberculosis as a Strategy for Pathogen Survival |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modulation of Cell Death by M. tuberculosis as a Strategy for Pathogen Survival |
title_sort |
modulation of cell death by m. tuberculosis as a strategy for pathogen survival |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
issn |
1740-2522 1740-2530 |
publishDate |
2011-01-01 |
description |
It has been clearly demonstrated that in vitro, virulent M. tuberculosis can favor necrosis over apoptosis in infected macrophages, and this has been suggested as a mechanism for evading the host immune response. We recently reported that an effect consistent with this hypothesis could be observed in cells from the blood of TB patients, and in this paper, we review what is known about evasion strategies employed by M. tuberculosis and in particular consider the possible interaction of the apoptosis-inhibiting effects of M. tuberculosis infection with another factor (IL-4) whose expression is thought to play a role in the failure to control M. tuberculosis infection. It has been noted that IL-4 may exacerbate TNF-α-induced pathology, though the mechanism remains unexplained. Since pathology in TB typically involves inflammatory aggregates around infected cells, where TNF-α plays an important role, we predicted that IL-4 would inhibit the ability of cells to remove M. tuberculosis by apoptosis of infected cells, through the extrinsic pathway, which is activated by TNF-α. Infection of human monocytic cells with mycobacteria in vitro, in the presence of IL-4, appears to promote necrosis over apoptosis in infected cells—a finding consistent with its suggested role as a factor in pathology during M. tuberculosis infection. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/678570 |
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