Geopolymers vs. Cement Matrix Materials: How Nanofiller Can Help a Sustainability Approach for Smart Construction Applications—A Review
In the direction of reducing greenhouse emissions and energy consumption related to the activities of the cement and concrete industry, the increasingly popular concept of eco-sustainability is leading to the development and optimization of new technologies and low impact construction materials. In...
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doaj-f5fa8c03908c49e5bea09182dbfa6dd02021-08-26T14:09:10ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-08-01112007200710.3390/nano11082007Geopolymers vs. Cement Matrix Materials: How Nanofiller Can Help a Sustainability Approach for Smart Construction Applications—A ReviewMarco Valente0Matteo Sambucci1Abbas Sibai2Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials, Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Materials, Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Materials, Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, ItalyIn the direction of reducing greenhouse emissions and energy consumption related to the activities of the cement and concrete industry, the increasingly popular concept of eco-sustainability is leading to the development and optimization of new technologies and low impact construction materials. In this respect, geopolymers are spreading more and more in the cementitious materials field, exhibiting technological properties that are highly competitive to conventional Portland concrete mixes. In this paper, the mix design, mechanical properties, microstructural features, and mineralogical properties of geopolymer mixes are discussed, investigating the influence of the main synthesis parameters (curing regime, type of precursors, activator molarity, mix design) on the performance of the final product. Moreover, recent developments of geopolymer technology based on the integration of functional nanofillers are reported. The novelty of the manuscript is to provide a detailed collection of past and recent comparative studies between geopolymers and ordinary Portland concrete mixes in terms of strength properties, durability, fire resistance, and environmental impact by LCA analysis, intending to evaluate the advantages and limitations of this technology and direct research towards a targeted optimization of the material.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/8/2007CO<sub>2</sub> emissionsenergy efficiencyPortland replacementgeopolymer concrete mixesmechanical propertiesmicrostructure |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marco Valente Matteo Sambucci Abbas Sibai |
spellingShingle |
Marco Valente Matteo Sambucci Abbas Sibai Geopolymers vs. Cement Matrix Materials: How Nanofiller Can Help a Sustainability Approach for Smart Construction Applications—A Review Nanomaterials CO<sub>2</sub> emissions energy efficiency Portland replacement geopolymer concrete mixes mechanical properties microstructure |
author_facet |
Marco Valente Matteo Sambucci Abbas Sibai |
author_sort |
Marco Valente |
title |
Geopolymers vs. Cement Matrix Materials: How Nanofiller Can Help a Sustainability Approach for Smart Construction Applications—A Review |
title_short |
Geopolymers vs. Cement Matrix Materials: How Nanofiller Can Help a Sustainability Approach for Smart Construction Applications—A Review |
title_full |
Geopolymers vs. Cement Matrix Materials: How Nanofiller Can Help a Sustainability Approach for Smart Construction Applications—A Review |
title_fullStr |
Geopolymers vs. Cement Matrix Materials: How Nanofiller Can Help a Sustainability Approach for Smart Construction Applications—A Review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Geopolymers vs. Cement Matrix Materials: How Nanofiller Can Help a Sustainability Approach for Smart Construction Applications—A Review |
title_sort |
geopolymers vs. cement matrix materials: how nanofiller can help a sustainability approach for smart construction applications—a review |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nanomaterials |
issn |
2079-4991 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
In the direction of reducing greenhouse emissions and energy consumption related to the activities of the cement and concrete industry, the increasingly popular concept of eco-sustainability is leading to the development and optimization of new technologies and low impact construction materials. In this respect, geopolymers are spreading more and more in the cementitious materials field, exhibiting technological properties that are highly competitive to conventional Portland concrete mixes. In this paper, the mix design, mechanical properties, microstructural features, and mineralogical properties of geopolymer mixes are discussed, investigating the influence of the main synthesis parameters (curing regime, type of precursors, activator molarity, mix design) on the performance of the final product. Moreover, recent developments of geopolymer technology based on the integration of functional nanofillers are reported. The novelty of the manuscript is to provide a detailed collection of past and recent comparative studies between geopolymers and ordinary Portland concrete mixes in terms of strength properties, durability, fire resistance, and environmental impact by LCA analysis, intending to evaluate the advantages and limitations of this technology and direct research towards a targeted optimization of the material. |
topic |
CO<sub>2</sub> emissions energy efficiency Portland replacement geopolymer concrete mixes mechanical properties microstructure |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/8/2007 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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