Dynamical Downscaling of CO2 in 2016 Over the Contiguous United States Using WRF‐VPRM, a Weather‐Biosphere‐Online‐Coupled Model
Abstract Ecosystem function (particularly CO2 fluxes and the subsequent atmospheric transport), synoptic‐scale weather (e.g., midlatitude cyclones), and interactions between ecosystems and the atmosphere can be investigated using a weather‐biosphere‐online‐coupled model. The Vegetation Photosynthesi...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
2020-04-01
|
Series: | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001875 |
id |
doaj-f62c06fba50041cab4474afec377a99c |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-f62c06fba50041cab4474afec377a99c2020-11-25T03:52:36ZengAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems1942-24662020-04-01124n/an/a10.1029/2019MS001875Dynamical Downscaling of CO2 in 2016 Over the Contiguous United States Using WRF‐VPRM, a Weather‐Biosphere‐Online‐Coupled ModelXiao‐Ming Hu0Sean Crowell1Qingyu Wang2Yao Zhang3Kenneth J. Davis4Ming Xue5Xiangming Xiao6Berrien Moore7Xiaocui Wu8Yonghoon Choi9Joshua P. DiGangi10Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms Norman OK USASchool of Meteorology University of Oklahoma Norman OK USASchool of Meteorology University of Oklahoma Norman OK USADepartment of Microbiology and Plant Biology, and Center for Spatial Analysis University of Oklahoma Norman OK USADepartment of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science University Park PA USACenter for Analysis and Prediction of Storms Norman OK USADepartment of Microbiology and Plant Biology, and Center for Spatial Analysis University of Oklahoma Norman OK USASchool of Meteorology University of Oklahoma Norman OK USADepartment of Microbiology and Plant Biology, and Center for Spatial Analysis University of Oklahoma Norman OK USANASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USANASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USAAbstract Ecosystem function (particularly CO2 fluxes and the subsequent atmospheric transport), synoptic‐scale weather (e.g., midlatitude cyclones), and interactions between ecosystems and the atmosphere can be investigated using a weather‐biosphere‐online‐coupled model. The Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM) was coupled with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in 2008 to simulate “weather‐aware” biospheric CO2 fluxes and subsequent transport and dispersion. The ability of the coupled WRF‐VPRM modeling system to simulate the CO2 structures within midlatitude cyclones, however, has not been evaluated due to the lack of data within these weather systems. In this study, VPRM parameters previously calibrated off‐line using eddy covariance tower data over North America are implemented into WRF‐VPRM. The updated WRF‐VPRM is then used to simulate spatiotemporal variations of CO2 over the contiguous United States at a horizontal grid spacing of 12 km for 2016 using an optimized downscaling configuration. The downscaled fields are evaluated using remotely sensed data from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2, Total Carbon Column Observing Network, and in situ aircraft measurements from Atmospheric Carbon and Transport‐America missions. Evaluations show that WRF‐VPRM captures the monthly variation of column‐averaged CO2 concentrations (XCO2) and episodic variations associated with frontal passages. The downscaling also successfully captures the horizontal CO2 gradients across fronts and vertical CO2 contrast between the boundary layer and the free troposphere. WRF‐VPRM modeling results indicate that from May to September, biogenic fluxes dominate variability in XCO2 over most of the contiguous United States, except over a few metropolitan areas such as Los Angeles.https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001875WRF‐VPRMdynamical downscalingCarbon Dioxidemidlatitude cyclonesAtmospheric Carbon and Transport (ACT)‐AmericaOrbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Xiao‐Ming Hu Sean Crowell Qingyu Wang Yao Zhang Kenneth J. Davis Ming Xue Xiangming Xiao Berrien Moore Xiaocui Wu Yonghoon Choi Joshua P. DiGangi |
spellingShingle |
Xiao‐Ming Hu Sean Crowell Qingyu Wang Yao Zhang Kenneth J. Davis Ming Xue Xiangming Xiao Berrien Moore Xiaocui Wu Yonghoon Choi Joshua P. DiGangi Dynamical Downscaling of CO2 in 2016 Over the Contiguous United States Using WRF‐VPRM, a Weather‐Biosphere‐Online‐Coupled Model Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems WRF‐VPRM dynamical downscaling Carbon Dioxide midlatitude cyclones Atmospheric Carbon and Transport (ACT)‐America Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 |
author_facet |
Xiao‐Ming Hu Sean Crowell Qingyu Wang Yao Zhang Kenneth J. Davis Ming Xue Xiangming Xiao Berrien Moore Xiaocui Wu Yonghoon Choi Joshua P. DiGangi |
author_sort |
Xiao‐Ming Hu |
title |
Dynamical Downscaling of CO2 in 2016 Over the Contiguous United States Using WRF‐VPRM, a Weather‐Biosphere‐Online‐Coupled Model |
title_short |
Dynamical Downscaling of CO2 in 2016 Over the Contiguous United States Using WRF‐VPRM, a Weather‐Biosphere‐Online‐Coupled Model |
title_full |
Dynamical Downscaling of CO2 in 2016 Over the Contiguous United States Using WRF‐VPRM, a Weather‐Biosphere‐Online‐Coupled Model |
title_fullStr |
Dynamical Downscaling of CO2 in 2016 Over the Contiguous United States Using WRF‐VPRM, a Weather‐Biosphere‐Online‐Coupled Model |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dynamical Downscaling of CO2 in 2016 Over the Contiguous United States Using WRF‐VPRM, a Weather‐Biosphere‐Online‐Coupled Model |
title_sort |
dynamical downscaling of co2 in 2016 over the contiguous united states using wrf‐vprm, a weather‐biosphere‐online‐coupled model |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
series |
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
issn |
1942-2466 |
publishDate |
2020-04-01 |
description |
Abstract Ecosystem function (particularly CO2 fluxes and the subsequent atmospheric transport), synoptic‐scale weather (e.g., midlatitude cyclones), and interactions between ecosystems and the atmosphere can be investigated using a weather‐biosphere‐online‐coupled model. The Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM) was coupled with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in 2008 to simulate “weather‐aware” biospheric CO2 fluxes and subsequent transport and dispersion. The ability of the coupled WRF‐VPRM modeling system to simulate the CO2 structures within midlatitude cyclones, however, has not been evaluated due to the lack of data within these weather systems. In this study, VPRM parameters previously calibrated off‐line using eddy covariance tower data over North America are implemented into WRF‐VPRM. The updated WRF‐VPRM is then used to simulate spatiotemporal variations of CO2 over the contiguous United States at a horizontal grid spacing of 12 km for 2016 using an optimized downscaling configuration. The downscaled fields are evaluated using remotely sensed data from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2, Total Carbon Column Observing Network, and in situ aircraft measurements from Atmospheric Carbon and Transport‐America missions. Evaluations show that WRF‐VPRM captures the monthly variation of column‐averaged CO2 concentrations (XCO2) and episodic variations associated with frontal passages. The downscaling also successfully captures the horizontal CO2 gradients across fronts and vertical CO2 contrast between the boundary layer and the free troposphere. WRF‐VPRM modeling results indicate that from May to September, biogenic fluxes dominate variability in XCO2 over most of the contiguous United States, except over a few metropolitan areas such as Los Angeles. |
topic |
WRF‐VPRM dynamical downscaling Carbon Dioxide midlatitude cyclones Atmospheric Carbon and Transport (ACT)‐America Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001875 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT xiaominghu dynamicaldownscalingofco2in2016overthecontiguousunitedstatesusingwrfvprmaweatherbiosphereonlinecoupledmodel AT seancrowell dynamicaldownscalingofco2in2016overthecontiguousunitedstatesusingwrfvprmaweatherbiosphereonlinecoupledmodel AT qingyuwang dynamicaldownscalingofco2in2016overthecontiguousunitedstatesusingwrfvprmaweatherbiosphereonlinecoupledmodel AT yaozhang dynamicaldownscalingofco2in2016overthecontiguousunitedstatesusingwrfvprmaweatherbiosphereonlinecoupledmodel AT kennethjdavis dynamicaldownscalingofco2in2016overthecontiguousunitedstatesusingwrfvprmaweatherbiosphereonlinecoupledmodel AT mingxue dynamicaldownscalingofco2in2016overthecontiguousunitedstatesusingwrfvprmaweatherbiosphereonlinecoupledmodel AT xiangmingxiao dynamicaldownscalingofco2in2016overthecontiguousunitedstatesusingwrfvprmaweatherbiosphereonlinecoupledmodel AT berrienmoore dynamicaldownscalingofco2in2016overthecontiguousunitedstatesusingwrfvprmaweatherbiosphereonlinecoupledmodel AT xiaocuiwu dynamicaldownscalingofco2in2016overthecontiguousunitedstatesusingwrfvprmaweatherbiosphereonlinecoupledmodel AT yonghoonchoi dynamicaldownscalingofco2in2016overthecontiguousunitedstatesusingwrfvprmaweatherbiosphereonlinecoupledmodel AT joshuapdigangi dynamicaldownscalingofco2in2016overthecontiguousunitedstatesusingwrfvprmaweatherbiosphereonlinecoupledmodel |
_version_ |
1724481963409014784 |