Early Childhood Junk Food Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Undernutrition: A Mixed-Methods Study from Mumbai, India
In India, globalization has caused a nutrition transition from home-cooked foods to processed sugary snacks and drinks, contributing to increased early childhood caries (ECC). This mixed-methods study describes risk factors for ECC and associations with undernutrition in low-income communities in Mu...
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doaj-f65b3aa862694a078ad90ba5e22acb902020-11-25T04:11:49ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1661-78271660-46012020-11-01178629862910.3390/ijerph17228629Early Childhood Junk Food Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Undernutrition: A Mixed-Methods Study from Mumbai, IndiaPriyanka Athavale0Nehaa Khadka1Shampa Roy2Piyasree Mukherjee3Deepika Chandra Mohan4Bathsheba (Bethy) Turton5Karen Sokal-Gutierrez6School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USASchool of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USASchool of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USASwasti Health Catalyst, Mumbai 560094, IndiaSchool of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USAUniversity of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh 12211, CambodiaSchool of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USAIn India, globalization has caused a nutrition transition from home-cooked foods to processed sugary snacks and drinks, contributing to increased early childhood caries (ECC). This mixed-methods study describes risk factors for ECC and associations with undernutrition in low-income communities in Mumbai. Interviews with mothers of 959 children, ages six-months through six-years, addressed maternal-child nutrition and oral health, and children received dental exams and anthropometric assessments. Focus groups with community health workers and mothers explored experiences and perceptions of oral health, nutrition, and ECC. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses of quantitative data, and content analysis of qualitative data were performed. Eighty percent of children lived 5 min from a junk-food store, over 50% consumed junk-food and sugary tea daily, 50% experienced ECC, 19% had severe deep tooth decay, 27% experienced mouth pain, and 56% experienced chronic and/or acute malnutrition. In children ages 3–6, each additional tooth with deep decay was associated with increased odds of undernutrition (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.10, Confidence Interval [CI] 1.02–1.21). Focus groups identified the junk-food environment, busy family life, and limited dental care as contributors to ECC. Policy interventions include limits on junk-food marketing and incorporating oral health services and counseling on junk-food/sugary drinks into maternal–child health programs.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/22/8629Indianutrition transitionjunk foodsugar-sweetened beveragesearly childhood cariesECC |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Priyanka Athavale Nehaa Khadka Shampa Roy Piyasree Mukherjee Deepika Chandra Mohan Bathsheba (Bethy) Turton Karen Sokal-Gutierrez |
spellingShingle |
Priyanka Athavale Nehaa Khadka Shampa Roy Piyasree Mukherjee Deepika Chandra Mohan Bathsheba (Bethy) Turton Karen Sokal-Gutierrez Early Childhood Junk Food Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Undernutrition: A Mixed-Methods Study from Mumbai, India International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health India nutrition transition junk food sugar-sweetened beverages early childhood caries ECC |
author_facet |
Priyanka Athavale Nehaa Khadka Shampa Roy Piyasree Mukherjee Deepika Chandra Mohan Bathsheba (Bethy) Turton Karen Sokal-Gutierrez |
author_sort |
Priyanka Athavale |
title |
Early Childhood Junk Food Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Undernutrition: A Mixed-Methods Study from Mumbai, India |
title_short |
Early Childhood Junk Food Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Undernutrition: A Mixed-Methods Study from Mumbai, India |
title_full |
Early Childhood Junk Food Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Undernutrition: A Mixed-Methods Study from Mumbai, India |
title_fullStr |
Early Childhood Junk Food Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Undernutrition: A Mixed-Methods Study from Mumbai, India |
title_full_unstemmed |
Early Childhood Junk Food Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Undernutrition: A Mixed-Methods Study from Mumbai, India |
title_sort |
early childhood junk food consumption, severe dental caries, and undernutrition: a mixed-methods study from mumbai, india |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1661-7827 1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
description |
In India, globalization has caused a nutrition transition from home-cooked foods to processed sugary snacks and drinks, contributing to increased early childhood caries (ECC). This mixed-methods study describes risk factors for ECC and associations with undernutrition in low-income communities in Mumbai. Interviews with mothers of 959 children, ages six-months through six-years, addressed maternal-child nutrition and oral health, and children received dental exams and anthropometric assessments. Focus groups with community health workers and mothers explored experiences and perceptions of oral health, nutrition, and ECC. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses of quantitative data, and content analysis of qualitative data were performed. Eighty percent of children lived 5 min from a junk-food store, over 50% consumed junk-food and sugary tea daily, 50% experienced ECC, 19% had severe deep tooth decay, 27% experienced mouth pain, and 56% experienced chronic and/or acute malnutrition. In children ages 3–6, each additional tooth with deep decay was associated with increased odds of undernutrition (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.10, Confidence Interval [CI] 1.02–1.21). Focus groups identified the junk-food environment, busy family life, and limited dental care as contributors to ECC. Policy interventions include limits on junk-food marketing and incorporating oral health services and counseling on junk-food/sugary drinks into maternal–child health programs. |
topic |
India nutrition transition junk food sugar-sweetened beverages early childhood caries ECC |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/22/8629 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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