Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Linking Air Pollution and Congenital Heart Disease
Epidemiological studies strongly suggest that parental air pollutants exposure during the periconceptional period may play a major role in causing fetal/newborn malformations, including a frequent heterogeneity in the methods applied and a difficulty in estimating the clear effect of environmental t...
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Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/3/4/32 |
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doaj-f65fd639b3ef4c8baa51a06a942ade382020-11-24T23:37:56ZengMDPI AGJournal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease2308-34252016-11-01343210.3390/jcdd3040032jcdd3040032Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Linking Air Pollution and Congenital Heart DiseaseCecilia Vecoli0Silvia Pulignani1Maria Grazia Andreassi2Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, ItalyInstitute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, ItalyInstitute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, ItalyEpidemiological studies strongly suggest that parental air pollutants exposure during the periconceptional period may play a major role in causing fetal/newborn malformations, including a frequent heterogeneity in the methods applied and a difficulty in estimating the clear effect of environmental toxicants. Moreover, only some couples exposed to toxicants during the pre-conception period give birth to a child with congenital anomalies. The reasons for such phenomena remain elusive but they can be explained by the individual, innate ability to metabolize these contaminants that eventually defines the ultimate dose of a biological active toxicant. In this paper, we reviewed the major evidence regarding the role of parental air pollutant exposure on congenital heart disease (CHD) risk as well as the modulating effect on detoxification systems. Finally, major epigenetic alterations induced by adverse environment contaminants have been revised as possible mechanisms altering a correct heart morphogenesis.http://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/3/4/32congenital heart diseaseair pollutionsindividual susceptibilityepigenetics |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Cecilia Vecoli Silvia Pulignani Maria Grazia Andreassi |
spellingShingle |
Cecilia Vecoli Silvia Pulignani Maria Grazia Andreassi Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Linking Air Pollution and Congenital Heart Disease Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease congenital heart disease air pollutions individual susceptibility epigenetics |
author_facet |
Cecilia Vecoli Silvia Pulignani Maria Grazia Andreassi |
author_sort |
Cecilia Vecoli |
title |
Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Linking Air Pollution and Congenital Heart Disease |
title_short |
Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Linking Air Pollution and Congenital Heart Disease |
title_full |
Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Linking Air Pollution and Congenital Heart Disease |
title_fullStr |
Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Linking Air Pollution and Congenital Heart Disease |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Linking Air Pollution and Congenital Heart Disease |
title_sort |
genetic and epigenetic mechanisms linking air pollution and congenital heart disease |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
issn |
2308-3425 |
publishDate |
2016-11-01 |
description |
Epidemiological studies strongly suggest that parental air pollutants exposure during the periconceptional period may play a major role in causing fetal/newborn malformations, including a frequent heterogeneity in the methods applied and a difficulty in estimating the clear effect of environmental toxicants. Moreover, only some couples exposed to toxicants during the pre-conception period give birth to a child with congenital anomalies. The reasons for such phenomena remain elusive but they can be explained by the individual, innate ability to metabolize these contaminants that eventually defines the ultimate dose of a biological active toxicant. In this paper, we reviewed the major evidence regarding the role of parental air pollutant exposure on congenital heart disease (CHD) risk as well as the modulating effect on detoxification systems. Finally, major epigenetic alterations induced by adverse environment contaminants have been revised as possible mechanisms altering a correct heart morphogenesis. |
topic |
congenital heart disease air pollutions individual susceptibility epigenetics |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/3/4/32 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT ceciliavecoli geneticandepigeneticmechanismslinkingairpollutionandcongenitalheartdisease AT silviapulignani geneticandepigeneticmechanismslinkingairpollutionandcongenitalheartdisease AT mariagraziaandreassi geneticandepigeneticmechanismslinkingairpollutionandcongenitalheartdisease |
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