Novel Coronavirus-In the light of Epidemiological Findings

• Main Authors: Yachna Setu, Anika Sulania, Shelesh Kumar Goel
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited 2020-10-01
• Series: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
• Subjects: outbreak; pandemic; respiratory infection; viral pneumonia
• Online Access: https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/14146/44881_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_PF1(AB_AsG_SL)_GC(AsG_SL)_PN(SL).pdf

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2/Novel Coronavirus (nCov), a newly identified strain in 2019, with different strains (SARS-CoV-1 or SARS-CoV) coronavirus earlier had caused respiratory illnesses like Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012 and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2004. For COVID-19, initially virus was identified in Wuhan city of China when 27 Pneumonia cases of unknown origin were found. The number of confirmed cases was increased up to 9000 in Wuhan city and 98 people were also diagnosed positive in 18 different countries, including United States. On 30 January 2020, World Health Organisation (WHO) has declared the Coronavirus outbreak as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). The case fatality rate is high (2%), as globally 376,320 deaths from 6,194,533 confirmed cases were reported and still it is increasing. This review describes about the current updates with regard to COVID-19 burden, history, transmission agent, host factors, environment, reservoir and source, routes of transmission, pathogenesis and clinical features, laboratory diagnosis and prevention and its management.