Small GTPases of the Rab and Arf Families: Key Regulators of Intracellular Trafficking in Neurodegeneration
Small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) of the Rab and Arf families are key regulators of vesicle formation and membrane trafficking. Membrane transport plays an important role in the central nervous system. In this regard, neurons require a constant flow of membranes for the correct distribution...
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doaj-f82106268f7f40e4aac007443e5c1b8f2021-04-23T23:03:31ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-04-01224425442510.3390/ijms22094425Small GTPases of the Rab and Arf Families: Key Regulators of Intracellular Trafficking in NeurodegenerationAlazne Arrazola Sastre0Miriam Luque Montoro1Hadriano M. Lacerda2Francisco Llavero3José L. Zugaza4Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, SpainAchucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, SpainThree R Labs, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, SpainAchucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, SpainAchucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, SpainSmall guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) of the Rab and Arf families are key regulators of vesicle formation and membrane trafficking. Membrane transport plays an important role in the central nervous system. In this regard, neurons require a constant flow of membranes for the correct distribution of receptors, for the precise composition of proteins and organelles in dendrites and axons, for the continuous exocytosis/endocytosis of synaptic vesicles and for the elimination of dysfunctional proteins. Thus, it is not surprising that Rab and Arf GTPases have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Both pathologies share characteristics such as the presence of protein aggregates and/or the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus, hallmarks that have been related to both Rab and Arf GTPases functions. Despite their relationship with neurodegenerative disorders, very few studies have focused on the role of these GTPases in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. In this review, we summarize their importance in the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, as well as their emergence as potential therapeutical targets for neurodegeneration.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4425Rab GTPaseArf GTPasesmall GTPaseAlzheimerParkinsonneurodegeneration |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Alazne Arrazola Sastre Miriam Luque Montoro Hadriano M. Lacerda Francisco Llavero José L. Zugaza |
spellingShingle |
Alazne Arrazola Sastre Miriam Luque Montoro Hadriano M. Lacerda Francisco Llavero José L. Zugaza Small GTPases of the Rab and Arf Families: Key Regulators of Intracellular Trafficking in Neurodegeneration International Journal of Molecular Sciences Rab GTPase Arf GTPase small GTPase Alzheimer Parkinson neurodegeneration |
author_facet |
Alazne Arrazola Sastre Miriam Luque Montoro Hadriano M. Lacerda Francisco Llavero José L. Zugaza |
author_sort |
Alazne Arrazola Sastre |
title |
Small GTPases of the Rab and Arf Families: Key Regulators of Intracellular Trafficking in Neurodegeneration |
title_short |
Small GTPases of the Rab and Arf Families: Key Regulators of Intracellular Trafficking in Neurodegeneration |
title_full |
Small GTPases of the Rab and Arf Families: Key Regulators of Intracellular Trafficking in Neurodegeneration |
title_fullStr |
Small GTPases of the Rab and Arf Families: Key Regulators of Intracellular Trafficking in Neurodegeneration |
title_full_unstemmed |
Small GTPases of the Rab and Arf Families: Key Regulators of Intracellular Trafficking in Neurodegeneration |
title_sort |
small gtpases of the rab and arf families: key regulators of intracellular trafficking in neurodegeneration |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1661-6596 1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2021-04-01 |
description |
Small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) of the Rab and Arf families are key regulators of vesicle formation and membrane trafficking. Membrane transport plays an important role in the central nervous system. In this regard, neurons require a constant flow of membranes for the correct distribution of receptors, for the precise composition of proteins and organelles in dendrites and axons, for the continuous exocytosis/endocytosis of synaptic vesicles and for the elimination of dysfunctional proteins. Thus, it is not surprising that Rab and Arf GTPases have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Both pathologies share characteristics such as the presence of protein aggregates and/or the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus, hallmarks that have been related to both Rab and Arf GTPases functions. Despite their relationship with neurodegenerative disorders, very few studies have focused on the role of these GTPases in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. In this review, we summarize their importance in the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, as well as their emergence as potential therapeutical targets for neurodegeneration. |
topic |
Rab GTPase Arf GTPase small GTPase Alzheimer Parkinson neurodegeneration |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4425 |
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