The Potential of MET Immunoreactivity for Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma
ObjectiveMET positivity is independently associated with survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Since MET is a known orchestrator of invasive tumor growth, we investigated its association with LNM in early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). As it is recommended by the NCCN to use...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-04-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.638048/full |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
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DOAJ |
author |
Maria J. De Herdt Berdine van der Steen Quincy M. van der Toom Yassine Aaboubout Yassine Aaboubout Stefan M. Willems Marjan H. Wieringa Robert J. Baatenburg de Jong Leendert H. J. Looijenga Leendert H. J. Looijenga Senada Koljenović Jose A. Hardillo |
spellingShingle |
Maria J. De Herdt Berdine van der Steen Quincy M. van der Toom Yassine Aaboubout Yassine Aaboubout Stefan M. Willems Marjan H. Wieringa Robert J. Baatenburg de Jong Leendert H. J. Looijenga Leendert H. J. Looijenga Senada Koljenović Jose A. Hardillo The Potential of MET Immunoreactivity for Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Frontiers in Oncology MET occult lymph node metastasis depth of invasion oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma elective neck dissection |
author_facet |
Maria J. De Herdt Berdine van der Steen Quincy M. van der Toom Yassine Aaboubout Yassine Aaboubout Stefan M. Willems Marjan H. Wieringa Robert J. Baatenburg de Jong Leendert H. J. Looijenga Leendert H. J. Looijenga Senada Koljenović Jose A. Hardillo |
author_sort |
Maria J. De Herdt |
title |
The Potential of MET Immunoreactivity for Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_short |
The Potential of MET Immunoreactivity for Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_full |
The Potential of MET Immunoreactivity for Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_fullStr |
The Potential of MET Immunoreactivity for Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Potential of MET Immunoreactivity for Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
title_sort |
potential of met immunoreactivity for prediction of lymph node metastasis in early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Oncology |
issn |
2234-943X |
publishDate |
2021-04-01 |
description |
ObjectiveMET positivity is independently associated with survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Since MET is a known orchestrator of invasive tumor growth, we investigated its association with LNM in early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). As it is recommended by the NCCN to use tumor depth of invasion (DOI) in making decisions on elective neck dissection (END), the results obtained for MET positivity were aligned with those for DOI > 4 mm. The cutoff value used in our institution.MethodsTumor samples from patients who underwent primary tumor resection and neck dissection between 1995 and 2013, were collected from the archives of the Leiden and Erasmus University Medical Center. Immunohistochemistry with D1C2 was performed to identify MET negative (< 10% uniform positivity) and MET positive (≥ 10% uniform positivity) cancers. ROC curve analysis and the Chi-squared test were used to investigate the association of MET positivity with LNM (pN+ and occult). Binary logistic regression was used to investigate the association of MET positivity with LNM.ResultsForty-five (44.1%) of the 102 cancers were MET positive. Ninety were cN0 of which 20 were pN+ (occult metastasis). The remaining 12 cancers were cN+, of which 10 were proven pN+ and 2 were pN0. MET positivity was associated with LNM with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 44.4% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 82.5% for pN+. For the occult group, the PPV was 36.8% and the NPV was 88.5%. Regression analysis showed that MET positivity is associated with pN+ and occult LNM (p-value < 0.05).ConclusionMET positivity is significantly associated with LNM in early OTSCC, outperforming DOI. The added value of MET positivity could be in the preoperative setting when END is being considered during the initial surgery. For cases with DOI ≤ 4 mm, MET positivity could aid in the clinical decision whether regular follow-up, watchful waiting, or END is more appropriate. Realizing that these preliminary results need to be independently validated in a larger patient cohort, we believe that MET positivity could be of added value in the decision making on END in early OTSCC. |
topic |
MET occult lymph node metastasis depth of invasion oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma elective neck dissection |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.638048/full |
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doaj-f8cd03c0fa7a4387b64bf1c90fc112622021-04-29T10:57:20ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2021-04-011110.3389/fonc.2021.638048638048The Potential of MET Immunoreactivity for Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Oral Tongue Squamous Cell CarcinomaMaria J. De Herdt0Berdine van der Steen1Quincy M. van der Toom2Yassine Aaboubout3Yassine Aaboubout4Stefan M. Willems5Marjan H. Wieringa6Robert J. Baatenburg de Jong7Leendert H. J. Looijenga8Leendert H. J. Looijenga9Senada Koljenović10Jose A. Hardillo11Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Pathology and Medical Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Education, Office of Science, Elisabeth TweeSteden, Ziekenhuis, Tilburg, NetherlandsDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Pathology and Medical Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, NetherlandsPrincess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, NetherlandsDepartment of Pathology and Medical Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, NetherlandsObjectiveMET positivity is independently associated with survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Since MET is a known orchestrator of invasive tumor growth, we investigated its association with LNM in early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). As it is recommended by the NCCN to use tumor depth of invasion (DOI) in making decisions on elective neck dissection (END), the results obtained for MET positivity were aligned with those for DOI > 4 mm. The cutoff value used in our institution.MethodsTumor samples from patients who underwent primary tumor resection and neck dissection between 1995 and 2013, were collected from the archives of the Leiden and Erasmus University Medical Center. Immunohistochemistry with D1C2 was performed to identify MET negative (< 10% uniform positivity) and MET positive (≥ 10% uniform positivity) cancers. ROC curve analysis and the Chi-squared test were used to investigate the association of MET positivity with LNM (pN+ and occult). Binary logistic regression was used to investigate the association of MET positivity with LNM.ResultsForty-five (44.1%) of the 102 cancers were MET positive. Ninety were cN0 of which 20 were pN+ (occult metastasis). The remaining 12 cancers were cN+, of which 10 were proven pN+ and 2 were pN0. MET positivity was associated with LNM with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 44.4% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 82.5% for pN+. For the occult group, the PPV was 36.8% and the NPV was 88.5%. Regression analysis showed that MET positivity is associated with pN+ and occult LNM (p-value < 0.05).ConclusionMET positivity is significantly associated with LNM in early OTSCC, outperforming DOI. The added value of MET positivity could be in the preoperative setting when END is being considered during the initial surgery. For cases with DOI ≤ 4 mm, MET positivity could aid in the clinical decision whether regular follow-up, watchful waiting, or END is more appropriate. Realizing that these preliminary results need to be independently validated in a larger patient cohort, we believe that MET positivity could be of added value in the decision making on END in early OTSCC.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.638048/fullMEToccult lymph node metastasisdepth of invasionoral tongue squamous cell carcinomaelective neck dissection |