Association of Hemoglobin Electrophoretic Phenotype with Human Parvovirus B19 infection among Pregnant Women attending Abuja Tertiary Hospital, Nigeria

• Main Authors: Idris Nasir Abdullahi, Hafeez Aderinsayo Adekola, Anthony Uchenna Emeribe, Abdurrahman Elfulaty Ahmad, Thairu Yunusa, Maryam Muhammad Zakari, Nkechi Blessing Onukegbe, Sanusi Musa, Dele Ohinoyi Amadu, Bamidele Soji Oderinde
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Golestan University of Medical Sciences 2020-05-01
• Series: Medical Laboratory Journal
• Subjects: viremia; anemia; infectious disease transmission; vertical
• Online Access: http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-1290-en.html

Background and Objectives: Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a widespread virus with various manifestations depending on the immunologic and hematologic status of the host. Infection with the virus can cause a wide range of complications in fetus of infected pregnant women, especially those with hemoglobinopathies. This study aimed to determine association of hemoglobin electrophoretic patterns and risk of B19V infection in pregnant women.         Methods: Blood samples were collected from 200 pregnant women attending University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria. The samples were screened for anti-B19V IgM and IgG. Hemoglobin patterns were determined using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits and Minicap Flex Piercing Electrophoresis system. Structured questionnaires were used to collate sociodemographic variables and associated risk factors of B19V.         Results: Of 200 participants, 12 (6.0%) were positive for B19V IgM, 45 (22.5%) were positive for IgG and two (1.0%) were positive for both antibody, while 145 (72.5%) had no detectable B19V antibody. Twenty-six subjects (28.3%) with HbAA hemoglobin pattern had B19V IgG of whom, nine (12.5%) had HbAS and 11 (30.6%) had HbSS electrophoretic patterns. There was a significant association between prevalence of anti-B19V IgG and hemoglobin electrophoretic pattern of participants (P=0.037). However, no association was found between prevalence of B19V IgM and hemoglobin electrophoretic pattern, age and parity of pregnant women (P>0.05).         Conclusion: Our findings revealed a high prevalence of B19V infection among pregnant women in the studied area. In addition, acute B19V seems to be associated with hemoglobin electrophoretic patterns of pregnant women. It is recommended to follow up newborns of anti-B19V IgM positive pregnant women.