Hydrogen Generation through Solar Photocatalytic Processes: A Review of the Configuration and the Properties of Effective Metal-Based Semiconductor Nanomaterials
Photocatalytic water splitting and organic reforming based on nano-sized composites are gaining increasing interest due to the possibility of generating hydrogen by employing solar energy with low environmental impact. Although great efforts in developing materials ensuring high specific photoactivi...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2017-10-01
|
Series: | Energies |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/10/1624 |
id |
doaj-f9a4053e22a94537b477a373067548b3 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-f9a4053e22a94537b477a373067548b32020-11-24T21:18:24ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732017-10-011010162410.3390/en10101624en10101624Hydrogen Generation through Solar Photocatalytic Processes: A Review of the Configuration and the Properties of Effective Metal-Based Semiconductor NanomaterialsLaura Clarizia0Danilo Russo1Ilaria Di Somma2Roberto Andreozzi3Raffaele Marotta4Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), ScuolaPolitecnica e delle Scienze di Base, Università di Napoli Federico II, p.le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, ItalyDipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), ScuolaPolitecnica e delle Scienze di Base, Università di Napoli Federico II, p.le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, ItalyIstituto Ricerche sulla Combustione, Centro Nazionale delle Ricerche (IRC-CNR), p.le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, ItalyDipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), ScuolaPolitecnica e delle Scienze di Base, Università di Napoli Federico II, p.le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, ItalyDipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), ScuolaPolitecnica e delle Scienze di Base, Università di Napoli Federico II, p.le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, ItalyPhotocatalytic water splitting and organic reforming based on nano-sized composites are gaining increasing interest due to the possibility of generating hydrogen by employing solar energy with low environmental impact. Although great efforts in developing materials ensuring high specific photoactivity have been recently recorded in the literature survey, the solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiencies are currently still far from meeting the minimum requirements for real solar applications. This review aims at reporting the most significant results recently collected in the field of hydrogen generation through photocatalytic water splitting and organic reforming, with specific focus on metal-based semiconductor nanomaterials (e.g., metal oxides, metal (oxy)nitrides and metal (oxy)sulfides) used as photocatalysts under UVA or visible light irradiation. Recent developments for improving the photoefficiency for hydrogen generation of most used metal-based composites are pointed out. The main synthesis and operating variables affecting photocatalytic water splitting and organic reforming over metal-based nanocomposites are critically evaluated.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/10/1624hydrogensolar fuelswater photosplittingphotoreformingsolar energynanotechnologynanomaterialsheterojunction photocatalysis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Laura Clarizia Danilo Russo Ilaria Di Somma Roberto Andreozzi Raffaele Marotta |
spellingShingle |
Laura Clarizia Danilo Russo Ilaria Di Somma Roberto Andreozzi Raffaele Marotta Hydrogen Generation through Solar Photocatalytic Processes: A Review of the Configuration and the Properties of Effective Metal-Based Semiconductor Nanomaterials Energies hydrogen solar fuels water photosplitting photoreforming solar energy nanotechnology nanomaterials heterojunction photocatalysis |
author_facet |
Laura Clarizia Danilo Russo Ilaria Di Somma Roberto Andreozzi Raffaele Marotta |
author_sort |
Laura Clarizia |
title |
Hydrogen Generation through Solar Photocatalytic Processes: A Review of the Configuration and the Properties of Effective Metal-Based Semiconductor Nanomaterials |
title_short |
Hydrogen Generation through Solar Photocatalytic Processes: A Review of the Configuration and the Properties of Effective Metal-Based Semiconductor Nanomaterials |
title_full |
Hydrogen Generation through Solar Photocatalytic Processes: A Review of the Configuration and the Properties of Effective Metal-Based Semiconductor Nanomaterials |
title_fullStr |
Hydrogen Generation through Solar Photocatalytic Processes: A Review of the Configuration and the Properties of Effective Metal-Based Semiconductor Nanomaterials |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hydrogen Generation through Solar Photocatalytic Processes: A Review of the Configuration and the Properties of Effective Metal-Based Semiconductor Nanomaterials |
title_sort |
hydrogen generation through solar photocatalytic processes: a review of the configuration and the properties of effective metal-based semiconductor nanomaterials |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Energies |
issn |
1996-1073 |
publishDate |
2017-10-01 |
description |
Photocatalytic water splitting and organic reforming based on nano-sized composites are gaining increasing interest due to the possibility of generating hydrogen by employing solar energy with low environmental impact. Although great efforts in developing materials ensuring high specific photoactivity have been recently recorded in the literature survey, the solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiencies are currently still far from meeting the minimum requirements for real solar applications. This review aims at reporting the most significant results recently collected in the field of hydrogen generation through photocatalytic water splitting and organic reforming, with specific focus on metal-based semiconductor nanomaterials (e.g., metal oxides, metal (oxy)nitrides and metal (oxy)sulfides) used as photocatalysts under UVA or visible light irradiation. Recent developments for improving the photoefficiency for hydrogen generation of most used metal-based composites are pointed out. The main synthesis and operating variables affecting photocatalytic water splitting and organic reforming over metal-based nanocomposites are critically evaluated. |
topic |
hydrogen solar fuels water photosplitting photoreforming solar energy nanotechnology nanomaterials heterojunction photocatalysis |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/10/1624 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT lauraclarizia hydrogengenerationthroughsolarphotocatalyticprocessesareviewoftheconfigurationandthepropertiesofeffectivemetalbasedsemiconductornanomaterials AT danilorusso hydrogengenerationthroughsolarphotocatalyticprocessesareviewoftheconfigurationandthepropertiesofeffectivemetalbasedsemiconductornanomaterials AT ilariadisomma hydrogengenerationthroughsolarphotocatalyticprocessesareviewoftheconfigurationandthepropertiesofeffectivemetalbasedsemiconductornanomaterials AT robertoandreozzi hydrogengenerationthroughsolarphotocatalyticprocessesareviewoftheconfigurationandthepropertiesofeffectivemetalbasedsemiconductornanomaterials AT raffaelemarotta hydrogengenerationthroughsolarphotocatalyticprocessesareviewoftheconfigurationandthepropertiesofeffectivemetalbasedsemiconductornanomaterials |
_version_ |
1726009495297982464 |