Environmental Exposures around Conception: Developmental Pathways Leading to Lifetime Disease Risk
Environment around conception can influence the developmental programme with lasting effects on gestational and postnatal phenotype and with consequences for adult health and disease risk. Peri-conception exposure comprises a crucial part of the ‘Developmental Origins of Health and Disease’ (DOHaD)...
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doaj-f9a7d89845e74d94b53013eca4aea1582021-09-09T13:46:22ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1661-78271660-46012021-09-01189380938010.3390/ijerph18179380Environmental Exposures around Conception: Developmental Pathways Leading to Lifetime Disease RiskTom P. Fleming0Congshan Sun1Oleg Denisenko2Laura Caetano3Anan Aljahdali4Joanna M. Gould5Pooja Khurana6Biological Sciences, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UKDepartments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USADepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican St., Rm 242, Seattle, WA 98109, USABiological Sciences, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UKBiological Sciences, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UKClinical Neurosciences and Psychiatry, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UKBiological Sciences, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UKEnvironment around conception can influence the developmental programme with lasting effects on gestational and postnatal phenotype and with consequences for adult health and disease risk. Peri-conception exposure comprises a crucial part of the ‘Developmental Origins of Health and Disease’ (DOHaD) concept. In this review, we consider the effects of maternal undernutrition experienced during the peri-conception period in select human models and in a mouse experimental model of protein restriction. Human datasets indicate that macronutrient deprivation around conception affect the epigenome, with enduring effects on cardiometabolic and neurological health. The mouse model, comprising maternal low protein diet exclusively during the peri-conception period, has revealed a stepwise progression in altered developmental programming following induction through maternal metabolite deficiency. This progression includes differential effects in extra-embryonic and embryonic cell lineages and tissues, leading to maladaptation in the growth trajectory and increased chronic disease comorbidities. The timeline embraces an array of mechanisms across nutrient sensing and signalling, cellular, metabolic, epigenetic and physiological processes with a coordinating role for mTORC1 signalling proposed. Early embryos appear active participants in environmental sensing to optimise the developmental programme for survival but with the trade-off of later disease. Similar adverse health outcomes may derive from other peri-conception environmental experiences, including maternal overnutrition, micronutrient availability, pollutant exposure and assisted reproductive treatments (ART) and support the need for preconception health before pregnancy.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/17/9380DOHaDperi-conceptionblastocystmaternal undernutritionlow protein diettrophectoderm |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tom P. Fleming Congshan Sun Oleg Denisenko Laura Caetano Anan Aljahdali Joanna M. Gould Pooja Khurana |
spellingShingle |
Tom P. Fleming Congshan Sun Oleg Denisenko Laura Caetano Anan Aljahdali Joanna M. Gould Pooja Khurana Environmental Exposures around Conception: Developmental Pathways Leading to Lifetime Disease Risk International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health DOHaD peri-conception blastocyst maternal undernutrition low protein diet trophectoderm |
author_facet |
Tom P. Fleming Congshan Sun Oleg Denisenko Laura Caetano Anan Aljahdali Joanna M. Gould Pooja Khurana |
author_sort |
Tom P. Fleming |
title |
Environmental Exposures around Conception: Developmental Pathways Leading to Lifetime Disease Risk |
title_short |
Environmental Exposures around Conception: Developmental Pathways Leading to Lifetime Disease Risk |
title_full |
Environmental Exposures around Conception: Developmental Pathways Leading to Lifetime Disease Risk |
title_fullStr |
Environmental Exposures around Conception: Developmental Pathways Leading to Lifetime Disease Risk |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental Exposures around Conception: Developmental Pathways Leading to Lifetime Disease Risk |
title_sort |
environmental exposures around conception: developmental pathways leading to lifetime disease risk |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1661-7827 1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Environment around conception can influence the developmental programme with lasting effects on gestational and postnatal phenotype and with consequences for adult health and disease risk. Peri-conception exposure comprises a crucial part of the ‘Developmental Origins of Health and Disease’ (DOHaD) concept. In this review, we consider the effects of maternal undernutrition experienced during the peri-conception period in select human models and in a mouse experimental model of protein restriction. Human datasets indicate that macronutrient deprivation around conception affect the epigenome, with enduring effects on cardiometabolic and neurological health. The mouse model, comprising maternal low protein diet exclusively during the peri-conception period, has revealed a stepwise progression in altered developmental programming following induction through maternal metabolite deficiency. This progression includes differential effects in extra-embryonic and embryonic cell lineages and tissues, leading to maladaptation in the growth trajectory and increased chronic disease comorbidities. The timeline embraces an array of mechanisms across nutrient sensing and signalling, cellular, metabolic, epigenetic and physiological processes with a coordinating role for mTORC1 signalling proposed. Early embryos appear active participants in environmental sensing to optimise the developmental programme for survival but with the trade-off of later disease. Similar adverse health outcomes may derive from other peri-conception environmental experiences, including maternal overnutrition, micronutrient availability, pollutant exposure and assisted reproductive treatments (ART) and support the need for preconception health before pregnancy. |
topic |
DOHaD peri-conception blastocyst maternal undernutrition low protein diet trophectoderm |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/17/9380 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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