Optimization of process variables in the synthesis of butyl butyrate using amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids as catalysts
Response surface methodology was successfully applied to optimize esterification of butanol with butyric acids over amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids, namely, [GlyH]xH3-xPW12O40 (x=1.0–3.0). A series of catalysts were prepared by incorporating tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) with varied amounts...
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De Gruyter
2016-06-01
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| Series: | Green Processing and Synthesis |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2015-0131 |
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doaj-fa7d963f5bdd4b99b4acd81f8d4d15372021-10-02T19:17:02ZengDe GruyterGreen Processing and Synthesis2191-95422191-95502016-06-015332132910.1515/gps-2015-0131Optimization of process variables in the synthesis of butyl butyrate using amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids as catalystsZhang Xiaofang0Ouyang Kai1Liang Juanjuan2Chen Keke3Tang Xiujuan4Han Xiaoxiang5Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaCollege of environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaResponse surface methodology was successfully applied to optimize esterification of butanol with butyric acids over amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids, namely, [GlyH]xH3-xPW12O40 (x=1.0–3.0). A series of catalysts were prepared by incorporating tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) with varied amounts of glycine (Gly). The [GlyH]1.0H2.0PW12O40 catalyst was found to exhibit the best activity with an optimal butyl butyrate yield of 97.9%, which was in excellent agreement with the predicted value by the Box-Behnken design (BBD) model. These superior esterification activities observed for the organic TPA salt catalysts might be due to their highly acidic nature, weak molecular transport resistance, and “pseudoliquid” catalysis modes. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of [GlyH]1.0H2.0PW12O40 catalyst was observed to have no appreciable change in the conversion after five consecutive runs. A kinetic study for the esterification was also performed under optimal reaction conditions. The results revealed that the reaction followed second-order kinetics, and the activation energy was found to be 81.90 kJ/mol.https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2015-0131esterificationheteropolyacidkinetic modeloptimizationreaction engineering |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
Zhang Xiaofang Ouyang Kai Liang Juanjuan Chen Keke Tang Xiujuan Han Xiaoxiang |
| spellingShingle |
Zhang Xiaofang Ouyang Kai Liang Juanjuan Chen Keke Tang Xiujuan Han Xiaoxiang Optimization of process variables in the synthesis of butyl butyrate using amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids as catalysts Green Processing and Synthesis esterification heteropolyacid kinetic model optimization reaction engineering |
| author_facet |
Zhang Xiaofang Ouyang Kai Liang Juanjuan Chen Keke Tang Xiujuan Han Xiaoxiang |
| author_sort |
Zhang Xiaofang |
| title |
Optimization of process variables in the synthesis of butyl butyrate using amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids as catalysts |
| title_short |
Optimization of process variables in the synthesis of butyl butyrate using amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids as catalysts |
| title_full |
Optimization of process variables in the synthesis of butyl butyrate using amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids as catalysts |
| title_fullStr |
Optimization of process variables in the synthesis of butyl butyrate using amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids as catalysts |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Optimization of process variables in the synthesis of butyl butyrate using amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids as catalysts |
| title_sort |
optimization of process variables in the synthesis of butyl butyrate using amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids as catalysts |
| publisher |
De Gruyter |
| series |
Green Processing and Synthesis |
| issn |
2191-9542 2191-9550 |
| publishDate |
2016-06-01 |
| description |
Response surface methodology was successfully applied to optimize esterification of butanol with butyric acids over amino acid-functionalized heteropolyacids, namely, [GlyH]xH3-xPW12O40 (x=1.0–3.0). A series of catalysts were prepared by incorporating tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) with varied amounts of glycine (Gly). The [GlyH]1.0H2.0PW12O40 catalyst was found to exhibit the best activity with an optimal butyl butyrate yield of 97.9%, which was in excellent agreement with the predicted value by the Box-Behnken design (BBD) model. These superior esterification activities observed for the organic TPA salt catalysts might be due to their highly acidic nature, weak molecular transport resistance, and “pseudoliquid” catalysis modes. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of [GlyH]1.0H2.0PW12O40 catalyst was observed to have no appreciable change in the conversion after five consecutive runs. A kinetic study for the esterification was also performed under optimal reaction conditions. The results revealed that the reaction followed second-order kinetics, and the activation energy was found to be 81.90 kJ/mol. |
| topic |
esterification heteropolyacid kinetic model optimization reaction engineering |
| url |
https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2015-0131 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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