Exercise and Caloric Restriction Alter the Immune System of Mice Submitted to a High-Fat Diet
As the size of adipocytes increases during obesity, the establishment of resident immune cells in adipose tissue becomes an important source of proinflammatory mediators. Exercise and caloric restriction are two important, nonpharmacological tools against body mass increase. To date, their effects o...
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Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
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doaj-fb2685726b694a26ad2b78d9901f3e262020-11-24T21:09:00ZengHindawi LimitedMediators of Inflammation0962-93511466-18612013-01-01201310.1155/2013/395672395672Exercise and Caloric Restriction Alter the Immune System of Mice Submitted to a High-Fat DietFrederick Wasinski0Reury F. P. Bacurau1Milton R. Moraes2Anderson S. Haro3Pedro M. M. Moraes-Vieira4Gabriel R. Estrela5Edgar J. Paredes-Gamero6Carlos C. Barros7Sandro S. Almeida8Niels O. S. Câmara9Ronaldo C. Araujo10Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, 04023-062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilSchool of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Avenue Arlindo Bettio 1000, 03828-000 São Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, 04023-062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, 04023-062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Immunology, Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, 04023-062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, 04023-062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-610 Pelotas, RS, BrazilDepartment of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, 04023-062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Immunology, Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, 04023-062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilAs the size of adipocytes increases during obesity, the establishment of resident immune cells in adipose tissue becomes an important source of proinflammatory mediators. Exercise and caloric restriction are two important, nonpharmacological tools against body mass increase. To date, their effects on the immune cells of adipose tissue in obese organisms, specifically when a high-fat diet is consumed, have been poorly investigated. Thus, after consuming a high-fat diet, mice were submitted to chronic swimming training or a 30% caloric restriction in order to investigate the effects of both interventions on resident immune cells in adipose tissue. These strategies were able to reduce body mass and resulted in changes in the number of resident immune cells in the adipose tissue and levels of cytokines/chemokines in serum. While exercise increased the number of NK cells in adipose tissue and serum levels of IL-6 and RANTES, caloric restriction increased the CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio and MCP-1 levels. Together, these data demonstrated that exercise and caloric restriction modulate resident immune cells in adipose tissues differently in spite of an equivalent body weight reduction. Additionally, the results also reinforce the idea that a combination of both strategies is better than either individually for combating obesity.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/395672 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Frederick Wasinski Reury F. P. Bacurau Milton R. Moraes Anderson S. Haro Pedro M. M. Moraes-Vieira Gabriel R. Estrela Edgar J. Paredes-Gamero Carlos C. Barros Sandro S. Almeida Niels O. S. Câmara Ronaldo C. Araujo |
spellingShingle |
Frederick Wasinski Reury F. P. Bacurau Milton R. Moraes Anderson S. Haro Pedro M. M. Moraes-Vieira Gabriel R. Estrela Edgar J. Paredes-Gamero Carlos C. Barros Sandro S. Almeida Niels O. S. Câmara Ronaldo C. Araujo Exercise and Caloric Restriction Alter the Immune System of Mice Submitted to a High-Fat Diet Mediators of Inflammation |
author_facet |
Frederick Wasinski Reury F. P. Bacurau Milton R. Moraes Anderson S. Haro Pedro M. M. Moraes-Vieira Gabriel R. Estrela Edgar J. Paredes-Gamero Carlos C. Barros Sandro S. Almeida Niels O. S. Câmara Ronaldo C. Araujo |
author_sort |
Frederick Wasinski |
title |
Exercise and Caloric Restriction Alter the Immune System of Mice Submitted to a High-Fat Diet |
title_short |
Exercise and Caloric Restriction Alter the Immune System of Mice Submitted to a High-Fat Diet |
title_full |
Exercise and Caloric Restriction Alter the Immune System of Mice Submitted to a High-Fat Diet |
title_fullStr |
Exercise and Caloric Restriction Alter the Immune System of Mice Submitted to a High-Fat Diet |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exercise and Caloric Restriction Alter the Immune System of Mice Submitted to a High-Fat Diet |
title_sort |
exercise and caloric restriction alter the immune system of mice submitted to a high-fat diet |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
Mediators of Inflammation |
issn |
0962-9351 1466-1861 |
publishDate |
2013-01-01 |
description |
As the size of adipocytes increases during obesity, the establishment of resident immune cells in adipose tissue becomes an important source of proinflammatory mediators. Exercise and caloric restriction are two important, nonpharmacological tools against body mass increase. To date, their effects on the immune cells of adipose tissue in obese organisms, specifically when a high-fat diet is consumed, have been poorly investigated. Thus, after consuming a high-fat diet, mice were submitted to chronic swimming training or a 30% caloric restriction in order to investigate the effects of both interventions on resident immune cells in adipose tissue. These strategies were able to reduce body mass and resulted in changes in the number of resident immune cells in the adipose tissue and levels of cytokines/chemokines in serum. While exercise increased the number of NK cells in adipose tissue and serum levels of IL-6 and RANTES, caloric restriction increased the CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio and MCP-1 levels. Together, these data demonstrated that exercise and caloric restriction modulate resident immune cells in adipose tissues differently in spite of an equivalent body weight reduction. Additionally, the results also reinforce the idea that a combination of both strategies is better than either individually for combating obesity. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/395672 |
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