Sleep disturbance at pre-deployment is a significant predictor of post-deployment re-experiencing symptoms
Background: Insomnia is common in service members and associated with many mental and physical health problems. Recently, longitudinal data have been used to assess the impact of disturbed sleep on mental health outcomes. These studies have consistently shown relationships between sleep disturbance...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2019.1679964 |
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doaj-fb2b1312e0404ef4a9b98384145eb08a2021-01-04T17:13:51ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEuropean Journal of Psychotraumatology2000-80662019-12-0110110.1080/20008198.2019.16799641679964Sleep disturbance at pre-deployment is a significant predictor of post-deployment re-experiencing symptomsDean T. Acheson0Brian Kwan1Adam X. Maihofer2Victoria B. Risbrough3Caroline M. Nievergelt4Jacob W. Clark5Xin M. Tu6Michael R. Irwin7Dewleen G. Baker8VA San Diego Healthcare SystemUniversity of California San DiegoUniversity of California San DiegoVA San Diego Healthcare SystemVA San Diego Healthcare SystemMonash UniversityUniversity of California San DiegoSemel Institute for Neuroscience at University of CaliforniaVA San Diego Healthcare SystemBackground: Insomnia is common in service members and associated with many mental and physical health problems. Recently, longitudinal data have been used to assess the impact of disturbed sleep on mental health outcomes. These studies have consistently shown relationships between sleep disturbance and development of mental illness. Objective: The present study examined the longitudinal relationship between sleep disturbance and PTSD symptomatology in a cohort of Marines and Navy Corpsmen deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan (n = 2,404) assessed prior to deployment, as well as at −3 and 6 months post-deployment. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the extent to which these relationships are moderated by combat-stress severity, and to what extent these findings are replicated in a second, separate cohort of Marines and Navy corpsmen (n = 938) assessed with identical measures prior to deployment and within 3 months of return. Method: The present study employed latent variable path models to examine the relationships between pre-deployment sleep disturbance and post-deployment re-experiencing symptoms. Initial cross-lagged path models were conducted on discovery and replication samples to validate the hypothesized predictive relationships. Follow up moderation path models were then conducted to include the effect of combat-stress severity on these relationships. Results: Initial cross-lagged models supported a significant relationship between pre-deployment sleep disturbance and future re-experiencing PTSD symptoms at all time points. Initial moderation models showed a small moderator effect of combat-stress severity, though the main predictive relationship between pre-deployment sleep disturbance and PTSD symptoms remained significant. The moderator effect was not significant in the replication sample. Conclusions: The results of this study support pre-deployment sleep disturbance as a risk factor for development of post-deployment PTSD symptoms. Interventions aimed at normalizing sleep may be important in preventive measures for PTSD.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2019.1679964sleepinsomniaptsdre-experiencinglongitudinal |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Dean T. Acheson Brian Kwan Adam X. Maihofer Victoria B. Risbrough Caroline M. Nievergelt Jacob W. Clark Xin M. Tu Michael R. Irwin Dewleen G. Baker |
spellingShingle |
Dean T. Acheson Brian Kwan Adam X. Maihofer Victoria B. Risbrough Caroline M. Nievergelt Jacob W. Clark Xin M. Tu Michael R. Irwin Dewleen G. Baker Sleep disturbance at pre-deployment is a significant predictor of post-deployment re-experiencing symptoms European Journal of Psychotraumatology sleep insomnia ptsd re-experiencing longitudinal |
author_facet |
Dean T. Acheson Brian Kwan Adam X. Maihofer Victoria B. Risbrough Caroline M. Nievergelt Jacob W. Clark Xin M. Tu Michael R. Irwin Dewleen G. Baker |
author_sort |
Dean T. Acheson |
title |
Sleep disturbance at pre-deployment is a significant predictor of post-deployment re-experiencing symptoms |
title_short |
Sleep disturbance at pre-deployment is a significant predictor of post-deployment re-experiencing symptoms |
title_full |
Sleep disturbance at pre-deployment is a significant predictor of post-deployment re-experiencing symptoms |
title_fullStr |
Sleep disturbance at pre-deployment is a significant predictor of post-deployment re-experiencing symptoms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sleep disturbance at pre-deployment is a significant predictor of post-deployment re-experiencing symptoms |
title_sort |
sleep disturbance at pre-deployment is a significant predictor of post-deployment re-experiencing symptoms |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis Group |
series |
European Journal of Psychotraumatology |
issn |
2000-8066 |
publishDate |
2019-12-01 |
description |
Background: Insomnia is common in service members and associated with many mental and physical health problems. Recently, longitudinal data have been used to assess the impact of disturbed sleep on mental health outcomes. These studies have consistently shown relationships between sleep disturbance and development of mental illness. Objective: The present study examined the longitudinal relationship between sleep disturbance and PTSD symptomatology in a cohort of Marines and Navy Corpsmen deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan (n = 2,404) assessed prior to deployment, as well as at −3 and 6 months post-deployment. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the extent to which these relationships are moderated by combat-stress severity, and to what extent these findings are replicated in a second, separate cohort of Marines and Navy corpsmen (n = 938) assessed with identical measures prior to deployment and within 3 months of return. Method: The present study employed latent variable path models to examine the relationships between pre-deployment sleep disturbance and post-deployment re-experiencing symptoms. Initial cross-lagged path models were conducted on discovery and replication samples to validate the hypothesized predictive relationships. Follow up moderation path models were then conducted to include the effect of combat-stress severity on these relationships. Results: Initial cross-lagged models supported a significant relationship between pre-deployment sleep disturbance and future re-experiencing PTSD symptoms at all time points. Initial moderation models showed a small moderator effect of combat-stress severity, though the main predictive relationship between pre-deployment sleep disturbance and PTSD symptoms remained significant. The moderator effect was not significant in the replication sample. Conclusions: The results of this study support pre-deployment sleep disturbance as a risk factor for development of post-deployment PTSD symptoms. Interventions aimed at normalizing sleep may be important in preventive measures for PTSD. |
topic |
sleep insomnia ptsd re-experiencing longitudinal |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2019.1679964 |
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