| Summary: | In this work, we investigated the potential effects of nontyphoidal <i>Salmonella</i> infection on autoantibody (AA) formation. The titer and profiles of autoantibodies in the sera of patients with acute salmonellosis due to <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Typhimurium (<i>S.</i> Typhimurium) or <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Enteritidis (<i>S.</i> Enteritidis) infection, as well as in convalescent patients, were determined with indirect immunofluorescence. A significant increase of autoantibodies in acute diseases caused by both serotypes of <i>Salmonella</i> and during post infection by <i>S.</i> Enteritidis was detected. Antibody profile analysis by multivariate statistics revealed that this increase was non-specific and was not dependent on the infectious agent or disease stage. The results obtained suggest that nontyphoidal <i>Salmonella</i> infection contributes to the generation of autoantibodies and may play a role in autoimmune disease.
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