Application of β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Adhesive Dentin Bonding
The study aimed at synthesizing β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) nanoparticles and comparing the mechanical properties and dentin interaction of two adhesives: experimental adhesive (EA) and EA with 5 wt.% β-TCP nanoparticles (β-TCP-5%). These filler nanoparticles were synthesized and then characteriz...
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doaj-fc8429e4c2da4cbc87c3e97f8818c4d22021-09-09T13:54:05ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-08-01132855285510.3390/polym13172855Application of β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Adhesive Dentin BondingMohammad H. AlRefeai0Eman M. AlHamdan1Samar Al-Saleh2Abdulaziz S. Alqahtani3Mohammad Q. Al-Rifaiy4Ibraheem F. Alshiddi5Imran Farooq6Fahim Vohra7Tariq Abduljabbar8Department of Restorative Dentistry—Operative Division, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, CanadaDepartment of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi ArabiaThe study aimed at synthesizing β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) nanoparticles and comparing the mechanical properties and dentin interaction of two adhesives: experimental adhesive (EA) and EA with 5 wt.% β-TCP nanoparticles (β-TCP-5%). These filler nanoparticles were synthesized and then characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The β-TCP nanoparticles were incorporated in the adhesives to form two groups: gp-1: EA (control) and gp-2: β-TCP-5%. These adhesives were characterized by SEM, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and were also assessed for their micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) with (TC) and without thermocycling (NTC). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC) of two adhesives. The β-TCP filler was seen as irregularly shaped agglomerates on SEM. The micro-Raman spectra revealed characteristic peaks associated with β-TCP nanoparticles. Both adhesives presented suitable dentin interaction, which was demonstrated by the formation of resin tags of variable depths. The EDX analysis verified the existence of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) for the β-TCP-5% group. The greatest μTBS values were shown by β-TCP-5% group samples when they were non-thermocycled (NTC) (β-TCP-5%-NTC: 34.11 ± 3.46) followed by the thermocycled (TC) samples of the same group (β-TCP-5%-TC: 30.38 ± 3.66), compared with the EA group. Although the DC presented by β-TCP-5% group was comparable to the EA group, it was still lower. The addition of β-TCP nanoparticles in the adhesive improved its μTBS and resulted in a suitable dentin interaction, seen in the form of hybrid layer and resin tag formation. Nonetheless, a decreased DC was observed for the β-TCP-5% adhesive. Future studies probing the effect of different filler concentrations on various properties of the adhesive are warranted.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/17/2855dentinadhesivecalciumphosphatetricalcium phosphate |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mohammad H. AlRefeai Eman M. AlHamdan Samar Al-Saleh Abdulaziz S. Alqahtani Mohammad Q. Al-Rifaiy Ibraheem F. Alshiddi Imran Farooq Fahim Vohra Tariq Abduljabbar |
spellingShingle |
Mohammad H. AlRefeai Eman M. AlHamdan Samar Al-Saleh Abdulaziz S. Alqahtani Mohammad Q. Al-Rifaiy Ibraheem F. Alshiddi Imran Farooq Fahim Vohra Tariq Abduljabbar Application of β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Adhesive Dentin Bonding Polymers dentin adhesive calcium phosphate tricalcium phosphate |
author_facet |
Mohammad H. AlRefeai Eman M. AlHamdan Samar Al-Saleh Abdulaziz S. Alqahtani Mohammad Q. Al-Rifaiy Ibraheem F. Alshiddi Imran Farooq Fahim Vohra Tariq Abduljabbar |
author_sort |
Mohammad H. AlRefeai |
title |
Application of β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Adhesive Dentin Bonding |
title_short |
Application of β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Adhesive Dentin Bonding |
title_full |
Application of β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Adhesive Dentin Bonding |
title_fullStr |
Application of β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Adhesive Dentin Bonding |
title_full_unstemmed |
Application of β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Adhesive Dentin Bonding |
title_sort |
application of β-tricalcium phosphate in adhesive dentin bonding |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Polymers |
issn |
2073-4360 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
The study aimed at synthesizing β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) nanoparticles and comparing the mechanical properties and dentin interaction of two adhesives: experimental adhesive (EA) and EA with 5 wt.% β-TCP nanoparticles (β-TCP-5%). These filler nanoparticles were synthesized and then characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The β-TCP nanoparticles were incorporated in the adhesives to form two groups: gp-1: EA (control) and gp-2: β-TCP-5%. These adhesives were characterized by SEM, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and were also assessed for their micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) with (TC) and without thermocycling (NTC). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC) of two adhesives. The β-TCP filler was seen as irregularly shaped agglomerates on SEM. The micro-Raman spectra revealed characteristic peaks associated with β-TCP nanoparticles. Both adhesives presented suitable dentin interaction, which was demonstrated by the formation of resin tags of variable depths. The EDX analysis verified the existence of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) for the β-TCP-5% group. The greatest μTBS values were shown by β-TCP-5% group samples when they were non-thermocycled (NTC) (β-TCP-5%-NTC: 34.11 ± 3.46) followed by the thermocycled (TC) samples of the same group (β-TCP-5%-TC: 30.38 ± 3.66), compared with the EA group. Although the DC presented by β-TCP-5% group was comparable to the EA group, it was still lower. The addition of β-TCP nanoparticles in the adhesive improved its μTBS and resulted in a suitable dentin interaction, seen in the form of hybrid layer and resin tag formation. Nonetheless, a decreased DC was observed for the β-TCP-5% adhesive. Future studies probing the effect of different filler concentrations on various properties of the adhesive are warranted. |
topic |
dentin adhesive calcium phosphate tricalcium phosphate |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/17/2855 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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