Influences of climatic and non-climatic factors on COVID-19 outbreak: A review of existing literature
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a significant global public health issue resulting from SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). COVID-19 outbreak approaches an unprecedented challenge for human health, the economy, and societies. The transmission of the COVID-19...
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doaj-fc9941952fd34432b58021040fd1379c2021-09-03T04:48:32ZengElsevierEnvironmental Challenges2667-01002021-12-015100255Influences of climatic and non-climatic factors on COVID-19 outbreak: A review of existing literatureMd. Shafiul Alam0Rumana Sultana1Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh; Corresponding author.Center for Sustainable Development (CSD), University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh(ULAB), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, BangladeshCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a significant global public health issue resulting from SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). COVID-19 outbreak approaches an unprecedented challenge for human health, the economy, and societies. The transmission of the COVID-19 is influenced by many factors, including climatic, environmental, socioeconomic, and demographic. This study aimed to investigate the influences of climatic and sociodemographic determinants on COVID-19 transmission. The climatic variables considered herein were air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, air pollution, and cumulative precipitation. Sociodemographic variables included population density, socioeconomic conditions, misinformation, and personal hygiene practices towards the pandemic. Review results indicated that lower temperatures and greater incidence of COVID-19 are reported in a more significant number of studies. Another factor linked to COVID-19 occurrence was the humidity. However, the results were varied; some research reported positive, and others reported negative relationships. In addition, poor air quality, along with strong winds, makes the virus more vulnerable to spreading, leading to a spike in COVID-19 cases. PM2.5, O3, and NO2 also showed a strong correlation with the recent epidemic. The findings on rainfall were inconsistent between studies. Among the non-climatic factors, population density, education, and income were credited as potential determinants for the coronavirus outbreak. Climatic and sociodemographic factors showed a significant correlation on the COVID-19 outbreak. Thus, our review emphasizes the critical importance of considering climatic and non-climatic factors while developing intervention measures. This study's core findings will support the decision-makers in identifying climatic and socioeconomic elements that influence the risks of future pandemics.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010021002341COVID-19 outbreakClimatic factorsNon-climatic factors and transmission |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Md. Shafiul Alam Rumana Sultana |
spellingShingle |
Md. Shafiul Alam Rumana Sultana Influences of climatic and non-climatic factors on COVID-19 outbreak: A review of existing literature Environmental Challenges COVID-19 outbreak Climatic factors Non-climatic factors and transmission |
author_facet |
Md. Shafiul Alam Rumana Sultana |
author_sort |
Md. Shafiul Alam |
title |
Influences of climatic and non-climatic factors on COVID-19 outbreak: A review of existing literature |
title_short |
Influences of climatic and non-climatic factors on COVID-19 outbreak: A review of existing literature |
title_full |
Influences of climatic and non-climatic factors on COVID-19 outbreak: A review of existing literature |
title_fullStr |
Influences of climatic and non-climatic factors on COVID-19 outbreak: A review of existing literature |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influences of climatic and non-climatic factors on COVID-19 outbreak: A review of existing literature |
title_sort |
influences of climatic and non-climatic factors on covid-19 outbreak: a review of existing literature |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Environmental Challenges |
issn |
2667-0100 |
publishDate |
2021-12-01 |
description |
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a significant global public health issue resulting from SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). COVID-19 outbreak approaches an unprecedented challenge for human health, the economy, and societies. The transmission of the COVID-19 is influenced by many factors, including climatic, environmental, socioeconomic, and demographic. This study aimed to investigate the influences of climatic and sociodemographic determinants on COVID-19 transmission. The climatic variables considered herein were air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, air pollution, and cumulative precipitation. Sociodemographic variables included population density, socioeconomic conditions, misinformation, and personal hygiene practices towards the pandemic. Review results indicated that lower temperatures and greater incidence of COVID-19 are reported in a more significant number of studies. Another factor linked to COVID-19 occurrence was the humidity. However, the results were varied; some research reported positive, and others reported negative relationships. In addition, poor air quality, along with strong winds, makes the virus more vulnerable to spreading, leading to a spike in COVID-19 cases. PM2.5, O3, and NO2 also showed a strong correlation with the recent epidemic. The findings on rainfall were inconsistent between studies. Among the non-climatic factors, population density, education, and income were credited as potential determinants for the coronavirus outbreak. Climatic and sociodemographic factors showed a significant correlation on the COVID-19 outbreak. Thus, our review emphasizes the critical importance of considering climatic and non-climatic factors while developing intervention measures. This study's core findings will support the decision-makers in identifying climatic and socioeconomic elements that influence the risks of future pandemics. |
topic |
COVID-19 outbreak Climatic factors Non-climatic factors and transmission |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010021002341 |
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