Chemical Composition, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Effects of Betel Nut
Betel nut, the fruit of Areca catechu L, has a long medical history in Southeast Asia. It is native to Malaysia and is cultivated and processed extensively in subtropical regions, such as South China and India. Betel nut almost appears as a “snack” in various occasions in most parts of China. Clinic...
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2021-01-01
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Series: | Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1808081 |
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doaj-fcf07ca15a5243e298123bb839ddc4882021-08-30T00:00:40ZengHindawi LimitedEvidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine1741-42882021-01-01202110.1155/2021/1808081Chemical Composition, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Effects of Betel NutXiaoxiao Chen0Yongzhi He1Yanru Deng2College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese MedicineCollege of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese MedicineCollege of Traditional Chinese MedicineBetel nut, the fruit of Areca catechu L, has a long medical history in Southeast Asia. It is native to Malaysia and is cultivated and processed extensively in subtropical regions, such as South China and India. Betel nut almost appears as a “snack” in various occasions in most parts of China. Clinically, betel nut can play a certain pharmacology role and was used in malaria, ascariasis, arthritis, enterozoic abdominalgia, stagnation of food, diarrhea, edema, and beriberi. The nervous excitement of betel nut chewing has made it gradually become popular. However, chewing betel nut can induce oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) and oral cancer (OC). At the same time, long-term chewing of betel nut also causes inhaled asthma, sperm reducing, betel quid dependence (BQD), and uterine and esophageal cancers. The main components of processed betel nut are the goal of this review. This study will mainly start from the pharmacological activity and toxicology study of betel nut in recent years, aiming to seek its advantages and disadvantages. In the meantime, this study will analyze and emphasize that betel nut and arecoline are the high-risk factors for oral cancer, which should arouse attention and vigilance of the public.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1808081 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Xiaoxiao Chen Yongzhi He Yanru Deng |
spellingShingle |
Xiaoxiao Chen Yongzhi He Yanru Deng Chemical Composition, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Effects of Betel Nut Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine |
author_facet |
Xiaoxiao Chen Yongzhi He Yanru Deng |
author_sort |
Xiaoxiao Chen |
title |
Chemical Composition, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Effects of Betel Nut |
title_short |
Chemical Composition, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Effects of Betel Nut |
title_full |
Chemical Composition, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Effects of Betel Nut |
title_fullStr |
Chemical Composition, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Effects of Betel Nut |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chemical Composition, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Effects of Betel Nut |
title_sort |
chemical composition, pharmacological, and toxicological effects of betel nut |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine |
issn |
1741-4288 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Betel nut, the fruit of Areca catechu L, has a long medical history in Southeast Asia. It is native to Malaysia and is cultivated and processed extensively in subtropical regions, such as South China and India. Betel nut almost appears as a “snack” in various occasions in most parts of China. Clinically, betel nut can play a certain pharmacology role and was used in malaria, ascariasis, arthritis, enterozoic abdominalgia, stagnation of food, diarrhea, edema, and beriberi. The nervous excitement of betel nut chewing has made it gradually become popular. However, chewing betel nut can induce oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) and oral cancer (OC). At the same time, long-term chewing of betel nut also causes inhaled asthma, sperm reducing, betel quid dependence (BQD), and uterine and esophageal cancers. The main components of processed betel nut are the goal of this review. This study will mainly start from the pharmacological activity and toxicology study of betel nut in recent years, aiming to seek its advantages and disadvantages. In the meantime, this study will analyze and emphasize that betel nut and arecoline are the high-risk factors for oral cancer, which should arouse attention and vigilance of the public. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1808081 |
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